Кафедра міжнародних відносин

Permanent URI for this collection

https://ekmair.ukma.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17500

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 43

The award concerning jurisdiction in the coastal state rights dispute between Ukraine and Russia: What has been decided and what to expect next
(2021) Koval, Dmytro
On 21 February 2020, the Annex VII Tribunal rendered its Award concerning the jurisdiction in the Dispute Concerning Coastal State Rights in the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, and Kerch Strait (Dispute Concerning Coastal State Rights in the Black Sea, Sea of Azov, and Kerch Strait (Ukraine v. the Russian Federation), PCA Case No. 2017-06, Award Concerning the Preliminary Objections of the Russian Federation [Award], 2020). The Award opened a new chapter in the high-stakes legal battle between Ukraine and the Russia Federation over the alleged seizure and exploitation of oil fields on Ukraine’s continental shelf, fisheries near the coast of Crimea, navigation through Kerch Strait, the construction of Kerch Bridge, and the conduct of studies of underwater archeological and historical sites in the Black Sea. The Award reflected on six objections raised by Russia. Thus, the Tribunal backed Russia’s arguments that ruling on most Ukrainian claims concerning the rights in the Black Sea will inevitably require the Tribunal to first decide on the issue of sovereignty over Crimea. Therefore, it won’t have jurisdiction over those claims. Addressing the objection concerning the status of Kerch Strait and the Sea of Azov, the Tribunal stressed that the issue does not possess an exclusively preliminary character and cannot be resolved without judging on the merits. It also disagreed with the Russian objection that UNCLOS does not at all regulate a regime of internal waters. The Tribunal listed three examples of provisions of UNCLOS that are applicable to internal waters. They regulate 1) the boundaries of the internal waters areas; 2) execution of the right of innocent passage in internal waters areas which had not previously been considered as such, and 3) protection and preservation of the marine environment. The Tribunal declined further objections of the Russian Federation and set 20 August 2021 as a deadline for the submission of memoranda by the parties.
Common Foreigh and Security Policy of the EU as an Istrument of Strengthening European Integration
(2021) Taranenko, Hanna; Zahorna, Olga
The goal of this study is to determine specific features of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) as a tool of strengthening European integration. As a conclusion, one can note that one of the important vectors of CFSP is developing effective foreign policy of the EU and promote conflict prevention. CFSP significance for strengthening the EU can be demonstrated by the recent policy developments, such as the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) and the Coordinated Annual Review on Defence (CARD). Therefore CFSP can be regarded as a vital tool of strengthening European integration.
Conflict in Donbas as a Manifestation of Transitional Society Challenges
(2020) Taranenko, Hanna
Political instability processes are particularly significant for transitional societies. The problem of political transformation is urgent for Ukraine as a nation in transition. The goal of this article is to study the conflict in Donbas as a manifestation of transitional society challenges and Ukraine’s move toward democratization. The utilized method is qualitative case study. Among the study results, one can mention that the current conflict in Donbas is a manifestation of transitional society challenges. The conflict in Donbas can be viewed as a confrontation related to post-Soviet political space transformation, in particular, democracy transit. The practice of «hybrid wars» is not a particularly new concept in the international conflicts dimension, yet it appears to be a significant challenge for transitional societies. The armed conflict in Donbas became a turning point in the identity development of Ukrainians as a society in transition. Ukraine needs to investigate and implement the most successful examples of previous conflicts’ resolution. One of the instruments that can assist in overcoming the challenges of democratic political and economic transition and respective conflict resolution is international organizations. Despite internal weaknesses of the latest years, the EU has been actively supporting Ukraine, specifically, in the conflict resolution efforts. The UN is another important platform for the conflict resolution efforts. Besides, the UN has traditionally been active in supporting transitional democracies. It can be concluded that the potential of international intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations can be further utilized in order to search for reliable mediators, new valuable expertise and ideas’ exchange. Besides, while analyzing the topic of democracies in transition, one should look at the potential of civil society groups for establishing and sustaining peace.
Conflict Resolution Within European Union: Experience of Spain
(2020) Taranenko, Hanna
The article is dedicated to the experience of Spain within conflict resolution framework in the European Union. The goal of this article is to analyze in depth the Catalan case in order to identify the important lessons learned of the conflict resolution and search for viable options of the confrontation mitigation. The objectives of the article are as follows: to analyze the background of the Catalan conflict, to study the current status of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia, to identify vital lessons learned from the peace process and make projections for further conflict settlement.
Current Development of Regional Securityin Latin America
(2021) Taranenko, Hanna
International security is one of the most important issues in world politics. The article considers the place of the Latin American region in Ukrainian foreign policy.
Digital Yuan on the foreground: initial conclusions from the Chinese experiment
(2021) Yefremov, Dmytro
Digital currencies issued by the central banks are a new phenomenon that the global financial system will face in the near future. They differ from electronic money, cryptocurrencies based on blockchain, and private digital currencies, which will be issued by fintech corporations. The disadvantages of these types of future currency are uncontrolled issuance, limited liquidity, insufficient divisibility, dependence on the motives of issuers and energy consumption. The launch of digital currencies by central banks must overcome the described limitations, be centralized and guaranteed by the authorities. The digital currency created by the People’s Bank of China will have its own characteristics: programmability, traceability, alternative registration technology. It is based on innovative software developments of the Chinese central bank, borrowed experience of Chinese fintech corporations. Special centers for registration, recording and big-data analysis will help ensure the stability of the digital renminbi. Its launch aims to substitute the US dollar in world transactions, for which China is developing a special financial infrastructure around the world. The digital yuan distribution algorithm among users still maintains a conservative approach that includes both the central bank and commercial institutions. For users, the digital yuan offers such benefits as inclusiveness, offline service, transaction customization. The latter will be carried out by private companies by preserving some of the elements built in blockchain technology. Among the shortcomings of the China’s model for launching of its digital currency are artificially limited privacy and cross-border operability. After overcoming its own limitations, the digital yuan will be able to restructure the system of global financial relations through the introduction of national Chinese standards in the world practice of monetary settlements.
Entertainment media in the context of hybrid war in the post-Soviet countries: the case of Ukraine
(2020) Melykh, Olga; Korbut, Anna
The article provides a complex analysis of how entertainment media can serve to undermine a country’s resilience and security amidst hybrid war using the case of Ukraine as an example. The paper documents that before the launch of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine in 2014, Russian media products had been heavily present in Ukrainian media space, including the entertainment segment. In 2017, Ukraine restricted access to some Russian media products and social media in its territory in an effort to counter disinformation and the use of user data by Russian security services via their access to the social media based in the Russian jurisdiction. Despite the measures taken by the state to address security challenges, build resilience and fight disinformation in the media, the influence of Russian entertainment media in shaping public opinion remains significant. In this paper, the authors analyze segments of the media space where Russian entertainment products are present in Ukraine, the tools used by Russia to enforce its narratives through media content, and the ways Ukraine has responded to these. This paper aims at demonstrating the role of entertainment mass media in the resilience of countries and how it is used in the context of hybrid war. Also, it looks at the efforts to counter this influence. The research shows that Russian entertainment media and content act as a soft power or cultural affinity element alongside misinformation or manipulations via news or information content. By using historical references, demonstrating civilizational and moral superiority, showing Slavic brotherhood, Russia and russocentric forces use entertainment media to shape and manipulate public opinion. As content consumption switches from linear media, such as television, to non-linear clusters of conventional and digital outlets, the room for the distribution of manipulative messages and narratives expands. Among other things, this undermines the resilience of countries and endangers their national security, especially in the hybrid war context. Much is being done to counter this impact. Ukraine’s restrictive measures against some Russian media, social networks and content have been effective in that they have decreased the consumption and the trust for Russian media amongst Ukrainian audiences. Offering alternative content, produced domestically and internationally, has contributed to diversification of the content, moving the audiences from the Russocentric cultural product to a more diverse one.
European Neighborhood Policy as Conflict Prevention Instrument
(2020) Taranenko, Hanna
The article is dedicated to analyzing the European Neighborhood Policy as conflict prevention instrument. As a conclusion one can note that one of the important vectors of European Neighborhood Policy is building mutually beneficial relationships among participating countries and conflict prevention. ENP as a political instrument and conflict prevention tool is characterized by downturn at the time being. Yet it remains an important channel of communication and ideas exchange between the involved parties and therefore presents potential for further development and security enhancement in the region.
International Elections Missions as Democratization Tool
(2020) Taranenko, Hanna
Materials of XXV International Scientific and Practical Conference "Modern development strategies of the university development in the context of European integration", May 21-22, 2020, Kyiv.
Introduction to the Special Issue: Civil Society in Ukraine: Building on Euromaidan Legacy
(2017) Burlyuk, Olga; Shapovalova, Natalia; Zarembo, Kateryna
Introduction article to the Special Issue of the Kyiv-Mohyla Law and Politics Journal.
Peace as Process: Recipes for Russia-Ukraine War Settlement
(2021) Taranenko, Hanna
The Russia-Ukraine war is one of the most serious challenges of current international security agenda. Conflict resolution is an integral part of national security framework of any country. Comprehensive national security encompasses such components as political, military, informational, ideological, as well as cultural aspects. The research problem is that it is unknown which methods can be the most appropriate for Russia-Ukraine war settlement. The research goal is to analyze the current state of Russia-Ukraine war in depth and identify important lessons learned from previous confrontations that can be applied for the peace process invigoration. In particular, the research objectives are to analyze the cases of peaceful settlements in the Balkan states and Great Britain and also consider the peacemaking potential of international organizations, such as the EU, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) and Baltic – Adriatic – Black Sea Initiative. The selected methodology is qualitative case study. The study results are that one can find a lot of important lessons learned in the Balkan region. Sustainable peace in the Balkans can be achieved by including this region in the system of Euro-Atlantic cooperation. In the same vein as the Balkan countries, Ukraine should look for long-term political stability in the framework of Euro-Atlantic integration. Besides, a case of particular interest for Ukraine is the Troubles peace process in Great Britain. The main conclusions are that the Balkan states’ and Great Britain’s experience in conflict resolution can be of particular practical interest for Ukraine. One can note that peace is not a particular point in time, but rather a continuous process. Besides, one should pay attention to information component of the peace process and inform audiences about peacemaking efforts to the extent possible. In order to settle the Russia-Ukraine war in an efficient way one should also pay attention to the memory policy component. Ukraine should also use multilateral diplomacy tools, such as international organizations, in particular, the EU, OSCE, GUAM and Baltic-Black Sea-Adriatic Initiative in order to further fight international law infringements and promote the peace process. Prospects of further research are related to usage of cultural diplomacy and track-II diplomacy tools for the Russia- Ukraine war settlement.
Practices and Challenges of Government Scholarship for Foreign Students Programs in European Union, Russia, and China: Comparative Analysis and Lessons for Ukraine
(2020) Solovey, Galyna
Existing Ukrainian governmental scholarship program for foreign students needs to be redesigned. Now Ukrainian scholarship program is not fulfill its main public diplomacy purpose, has problems with efficiency of budget allocation, and uses outdated selection pro-cess and ineffective administration. Potential candidates for Ukrainian scholarship program can also participate in the scholarship programs proposed by European Union, Russian Fed-eration and Republic of China among others. Purposes, designs and administration of men-tioned above three different scholarship programs for foreign students are analyzed using comparative method and official data from Ministries of education and international orga-nizations. The main findings of this research could be recommendations for Ukrainian pol-icy makers. 1) To separate scholarship programs for ethnic Ukrainians and foreign students; 2) to include but not to be limited by bilateral agreements in providing scholarships for foreign students; 3) to allocate budget for the scholarship program, not based by bilateral agreements; 4) to introduce non-degree scholarship programs, and 5) to incorporate international students into Ukrainian students’ body.
Substituting for the State: The Role of Volunteers in Defense Reform in Post-Euromaidan Ukraine
(2017) Zarembo, Kateryna
While the role of volunteers in sustaining the Ukrainian armed forces against the backdrop of Russian aggression since 2014 has been widely acknowledged in literature, the effect of volunteer initiatives on the state defense capacity in longer term has not been studied thus far. This article aims to address this gap and explore whether volunteer participation led to institutional strengthening of the Ukrainian defense state capacity or to its weakening. The analysis will conclude that the volunteers in fact contributed to both - strengthening the state and weakening it at the same time; the outcome dependent on the context in which the volunteers took action at different times. While volunteer participation failed to bring about systemic reform, it did provide powerful democratic oversight over the state’s key defense institution.
Trends of Cooperation Between Latin American Countries and Ukraine
(BoScience Publisher, 2021) Taranenko, Hanna
There is considerable potential for Ukraine’s cooperation with Latin American countries. Ukraine needs to further strengthen its cooperation with the countries of Latin America and Caribbean Basin, in particular, regional leaders and states with considerable Ukrainian diaspora, such as Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Peru. Ukraine also needs to pay attention to international organizations of the region such as OAS, CELAC, PROSUR, MERCOSUR, Pacific Alliance and Latin American Parliament.
Абетка популізму
(Пульсари, 2020) Терещенко, Денис; Яковлєв, Максим
Про популізм можна почути з усіх усюд, бо хіба що лінивий журналіст чи недолугий політолог не сказав чи не написав чогось про нього в наші буремні часи. Політики полюбляють називати один-одного популістами, а деякі з них навіть успішно приходять до влади завдяки своїм відверто популістським відозвам. З часів перших наукових публікацій на тему популізму наприкінці 1950-х рр., станом на сьогодні у міжнародних рецензованих журналах йому присвячено понад півтори тисячі статей. Популізм – популярний, 2017 року саме "populism" Кембриджським словником (звісно ж, англійської мови) було визнано словом року. Як і будь-яке популярне явище, популізм розуміють, тлумачать та досліджують дуже по-різному, в тому числі – залежно й від соціального й політичного контексту країни. В англомовному тексті будь-якого українського читача вочевидь здивує словосполучення "populist Drahomanov", але саме так академічно правильно перекладати наш рідний термін "народник" Ми не схильні вбачати за популізмом народництво, але інтуїтивно відчуваємо, що в обох випадках йдеться про народ і його потреби. Ми – теж народ і ми відчуваємо особливу потребу в просвітництві. Ми хочемо розповісти вам про популізм. Школа політичної аналітики НаУКМА визначила дослідження та протидію популізму одним з ключових напрямків своєї діяльності. У цій абетці ми намагалися в жартівливій формі висвітлити ключові характеристики цього складного, неоднозначного й подекуди загрозливого явища. Звісно, української абетки не вистачило на всі нюанси популістських проявів – мабуть, кілька тисяч китайських ієрогліфів впоралися би з цим завданням краще, однак, як казав, класик: "маємо те, що маємо". Сподіваємося, вам буде цікаво читати цю абетку і з неї ви дізнаєтеся для себе щось нове. Щиро віримо, що вивчивши всі літери, ви по-новому будете сприймати явище популізму в ЗМІ, промовах політиків, кулуарах Верховної Ради чи будь-деінде.
Аналітичні центри як агенти змін: визначення "впливу" та факторів, які йому сприяють
(2021) Зарембо, Катерина
Метою цього дослідження було визначити, як самі аналітичні центри визначають свій вплив, а також які фактори сприяють цьому впливу. В основі теоретичного підходу цього дослідження лежить теорія організацій, а у її межах – підхід щодо досягнення цілей (goal-attainment approach) як один із підходів оцінки впливовості організації. При цьому важливо підкреслити, що йдеться тільки про одну з можливих перспектив (аналітичного центру як надавача послуги), тоді як перспектива клієнта (органу влади) у цьому дослідженні не береться до уваги.
Багатоманітність зв'язків між політикою та культурою
(2020) Яковлєв, Максим
Вступна лекція з методичних матеріалів до курсу "Культура та політика: багатозначність (взаємо)зв'язків", 2020.
Вступні зауваження і пояснення
(2020) Яковлєв, Максим
Вступна стаття до методичних матеріалів "Культура та політика: багатозначність (взаємо)зв'язків", 2020.
Досвід децентралізації у країнах ЄС
(2020) Тараненко, Ганна
Досвід країн ЄС свідчить, що зважені рішення щодо впровадження децентралізації є запорукою вдалої реалізації реформ. Успішна реалізація цієї реформи є важливою передумовою вступу України до Європейського Союзу. При цьому Україні необхідно звертати увагу на принципи ефективного розподілу повноважень між центральними та місцевими органами влади і адаптувати моделі децентралізації, найбільш актуальні для географічної, політико-економічної та культурної специфіки нашої держави.
Етапи формування української концептосфери політики як джерело знань про концептосферу політичної науки
(2021) Яковлєв, Максим
У статті виокремлені основні етапи становлення концептосфери політики як складової концептуальної картини світу українців в різні історичні періоди. Методологічною базою для розгляду основного теоретичного матеріалу слугував підхід, згідно з яким концептуальна картина світу (ККС) складається з концептосфер як способу організації концептів, а мовна картина світу містить у собі різні ККС. Основними запропонованими етапами розвитку концептосфери політики ідентифіковані періоди перебування українців під пануванням Австро-Угорської та Російської імперії і цей період відзначається як особливо цікавим для компаративних студій; нетривалий період української державності на початку ХХ ст. і формування радянсько-імперського дискурсу, в якому на особливу увагу заслуговує поновлення колоніального панування російського дискурсу над українським; українська діаспорська мовна картина світу, яка лишається все ще недостатньо дослідженою і яка може бути порівнена з формуванням українськими дисидентами дискурсу, альтернативного до панівного радянського; встановлено, що (пост)радянська спадщина все ще впливає на сучасну українську ККС, а відтак і на концептосферу політики в Україні, на якій також відображається тиск російської пропаганди і сучасна російська неоімперська ідеологія, що намагається зберегти тяглість з радянським минулим і при цьому є засадничо антиукраїнською. У статті встановлено, що перспективними для подальших досліджень виглядають розвідки, в яких на основі міждисциплінарного політико-лінгвістичного підходу можна буде виокремити конкретні констеляції політичних концептів, з яких складається концептосфера сучасної української політичної науки.

Browse

Browsing Кафедра міжнародних відносин by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options