Кафедра соціології

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The 1996 Constitution of Ukraine: A reflection of the values of the political elite
(1999) Wynnyckyj, Mychailo
L'androgynie : inversion des sexes et des rôles dans les rituels du cycle familial
(2004) Mayertchyk, Mariïa
Lorsque, dans les coutumes de mariages, les époux revêtent les ornements réservés traditionnellement au sexe opposé, les ethnologues s’interrogent. Que signifient ces gestes ? Qu’en est-il en particulier pour les rites funéraires ? Quant aux rituels accompagnant la naissance, affaire de femme par tradition, les usages ukrainiens donnent au père un rôle marquant. Cependant, l’inversion et le brouillage de l’identité sexuelle ne semblent pas relever uniquement de rites folkloriques. Plus proches de nous dans le temps, certaines cultures semblent également chercher à se fonder sur ces codes paradoxaux.
Assessing psychometric of the perceived stress scale and identifying stress-associated factors in a sample of Ukrainian female refugees in the Czech Republic
(2024) Mazhak, Iryna; Maltseva, Kateryna; Sudyn, Danylo
The full-scale Russian war has caused refugees to experience many stressful events, which may have a long-term adverse impact on their physical and mental health. Understanding the factors associated with increasing/decreasing stress is essential for the psychosocial support services for refugees. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is a popular tool for assessing life stress perception through self-reporting. The purposes of the study were: 1) to examine the psychometric qualities of the Ukrainian versions of the PSS-14 and PSS-10; 2) to determine the level of perceived stress; 3) to reveal factors associated with perceived stress in the sample of Ukrainian female refugees in the Czech Republic (N = 919). Methods: Perceived stress was measured by the Ukrainian versions of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14 and PSS-10) which were validated by applying exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Linear regressions were run to understand associations between self-reported physical health conditions, the barriers to adaptation in the host country, the determinants of social health and perceived stress. Results: Both PSS-14 and PSS-10 scales had a high level of internal consistency. Two factors (involving positive and negative items) were extracted based on exploratory factor analysis. The external consistency was confirmed by analysing correlations of the PSS-14/PSS-10 and coping strategies as well as self-reported physical and mental health. Ukrainian female refugees in the Czech Republic experienced moderate to high levels of perceived stress. The study found that on the one hand, a decrease in self-reported physical and mental health statuses, worsening health due to the war, low housing quality, financial disadvantages, experience of cultural differences issues and discrimination, healthcare access inequalities, lack of Czech language skills, failure to integrate into social activities within Ukrainian community, lack of social support, and applying an avoidant coping strategy are factors associated with forced migration that could increase perceived stress in the sample of Ukrainian female refugees. On the contrary, the level of perceived stress of participants could decrease with increasing social support, including such factors as regular communication with relatives and friends who are staying in Ukraine, and having good relations with loved ones, friends, and locals. Conclusions: The Ukrainian version of PSS-10 has good psychometric properties and can be relied upon to measure perceived stress. The study revealed factors associated with the perceived stress in the sample of Ukrainian female refugees in the Czech Republic and emphasised the necessity of psychosocial support services and developing interventions to help cope with stress among Ukrainian female refugees in the host country.
Attitudes towards ATO/JFO veterans and their political activism in Ukraine
(2020) Kvit, Anna; Martsenyuk, Tamara
This paper analyses attitudes towards veterans among the adult population of Ukraine, its support for veterans in politics, trust to veterans, and expectations from them. It also identifies information sources used by the population to form their opinion about veterans. The paper is based on the results of the all-Ukrainian public survey conducted in May-June 2019. .
Believers in the Ukrainian Orthodox Churches of Kyiv and Moscow Patriarchates: Sociodemographic Differentiation and Political Opinionsна
(2017) Bogdan, Olena
Based on survey data of Kyiv International Institute of Sociology for May 2016, this article compares believers of the two largest Ukrainian Churches - the Ukrainian Orthodox Churches of Kyiv and Moscow Patriarchates - in their essential sociodemographic characteristics, language preferences, national identity and opinions regarding desired Ukraine’s international policies. Data shows no statistically significant differences in age or urban-rural distributions. There are minor questionable differences in levels of education and income as well as preferred language of communication (significant with probability 0.95 but not 0.99). Despite differences in macroregional distribution, national identity and views on international policy, an overwhelming majority in both Churches consider themselves "only Ukrainian", without combining this identity with Russian or any other. While a noticeable degree of differentiation exists along the lines of Russian identity (not including language preferences) and desired relations with the Russian Federation, this difference can hardly be interpreted as principally divisive since there is a strong support for Ukraine’s independence among adherents of both Churches and noticeable levels of support for various policies within each of them.
Binarna opozycja semantyczna "tu" i "tam" w konstruowaniu wizji swiata pozagrobowego (faza przejscia). Region Karpat
(1996) Majerczyk, Maria; Hnatiuk, Ola
Mitologiczno-poetycka wyobraznia rozpatruje smierc czlowieka jako odejscie do innego swiata, wedröwke, dlugq droge. W schematycznym ujeciu te wiare w istnienie dwu swiatöw, granice ktörych pokonuje zmarly mozna opisac w kategoriach „tu” i „tam” . Dia scislejszego okreslenia rozlozymy te pojecia na szeregi bliskich synonimicznych znaczen. Kategoria „tu” zawiera w sobie znaczenie ten swiat, znane, bezpieczenstwo, obrona, zycie, uregulowanie. Jest to otoczenie, ktöre czlowiek widzi na co dzien, rozumie je i konstruuje z niego zwykty obraz swiata, „tu” czlowiek znajduje schronienie. Kategorie „tam” mozna rozlozyc na szereg antonimiczny do „tu” : swiat pozagrobowy, niepoznawalnosc, nieznane, niebezpieczenstwo, zagrozenie, dzikosc. Przytoczone antonimiczne opisowe szeregi wystepujq jako warianty pewnego arcyznaczenia, ktöre, dzieki laricuchowi synonimöw odkrywa sie nam w sensie bliskim do tego, ktörym jest ono obdarzone w granicach struktury swiadomosci pierwotnej.
Bridging sociology with anthropology and cognitive science perspectives to assess shared cultural knowledge
(2020) Maltseva, Kateryna
Following the cognitive revolution of the 1960s, cultural variation in behavior and knowledge has been a long-stand ing subject in social sciences. The "cognitive turn" in sociology brought to light many interesting issues and complex questions. The present publication addresses both theoretical and — to some extent — methodological challenges faced by the sociologists engaged in researching shared cultural variation within the culture-and-cognition research agenda, and compares it with the status quo in cousin social sciences that share the same cognitive perspective on culture. I specifically focus on the conceptual junctures that follow from the assumptions of shared cultural knowledge and intersubjectively shared cultural worldviews to highlight the important features of culture which can be effectively used for quantitative assessment of complex cultural processes. While I discuss various aspects of the findings and failings attributable to the culture-and-cognition research direction, my principal concern centers on encouraging more enhanced and sensitized interdisciplinary communication, as well as maximized intersections between cognitively oriented studies of culture in different social sciences, to bring the sociological studies of culture and cognition to full fruition.
Child Marriage in Ukraine (Overview)
(2015) Martsenyuk, Tamara
Cognitive dimension of culture and social axioms: using methods of multidimensional analysis to research Ukrainian cultural beliefs about success and inequality
(2022) Maltseva, Kateryna
The significance of cultural factors in the context of surveying cognitive processes, perception, emotions and mental health has long been acknowledged by social scientists. Shared collective belief systems represent one of the long established research foci in the social sciences. Presently studying the large cultural dimensions in their connections to individual predispositions and behavior is one of the core interests in cultural psychology as well as cognitively-oriented anthropology and sociology. To explore the patterned collective agreement in belief systems quantitatively, data reduction techniques is the strategy used most often and most successfully. The present study is premised on the principles of culture consensus model and uses cultural models framework to explain how Ukrainians view success and understand its prerequisites. The analysis is anchored in the cognitive dimension of the Ukrainian cultural worldview, specifically in the intersubjectively shared cultural assumptions (social axioms) regarding the opportunities for social advancement and their unequal distribution across different social groups. Based on the ISSP 2019 data set (N = 2001), the present study sought to uncover the content and organization of social axiomatic beliefs the Ukrainians have regarding the social characteristics facilitating self-advancement within a group, as well the degree of sharedness and homogeneity of these beliefs and their demographic correlates in the sample. The results converge on the four-factorial structure partitioning the "ingredients of success" into the categories of structural attributes, social capital, family background and individual agency.
Community perspectives on self-testing for HIV and HCV in the WHO European region
(2022) Tokar, Anna; Prokhorova, Anna; North, Sarah
Background: The landscape of HIV and HCV testing service delivery models continues to evolve alongside the introduction of novel biomedical technologies and evidence-based testing guidelines. At the same time, late diagnoses of HIV and HCV persist in areas of the European WHO region. As part of the range of diverse testing offers, self-testing diagnostics have demonstrated to provided great opportunity to reach and engage key populations according to their specific needs. In 2021, EATG in partnership with the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) examined country-specific policies, regulations, and practical factors enabling or hindering availability and integration of HIV and HCV self-testing diagnostics as one of the ways to advance early diagnosis and linkage to care in most affected populations, in addition to healthcare provider-initiated testing and testing by trained lay provider. Materials and Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was distributed between July and September 2021 to HIV and HCV-related community organisations within the European region on the availability and cost of self-testing kits for HIV and HCV. Based on the self-reported data on varying levels of self-test kit availability, 7 countries were selected for further qualitative analysis. A socio-ecological approach was used to carry out qualitative semi-structured interviews (SSIs) in English and Russian with key informants to understand community perspectives on self-testing for HIV and HCV in Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Poland, Slovenia, and the Russian Federation. Results: 70 individual responses from 37 countries in the region to the online survey. For the qualitative SSIs, a total of 18 online interviews (via Zoom, Skype, and Microsoft Teams) were analysed in four Eastern Europe/Central Asian and three Central/Southeastern European countries. Commonly reported barriers HIVST and HCVST included lack of comprehensive information relayed to community, high cost of kits, stigma, and discrimination. Conclusions: To ensure HIVST and HCVST access and uptake by those who benefit the most, a three-prong approach is required. First, at policy-level: introduce a legal framework for HIV and HCV self-testing and monitor how it is implemented in the field. Second, funding for the implementation of self-testing with the full-service cycle and/or needed treatment and reducing the cost of self-testing kits. Third, improving understanding and awareness of the self-testing concept and advantages of self-testing among key populations, local authorities, and healthcare providers.
Considering oneself (non)religious in Eastern European societies: correlation patterns among religiosity dimensions
(2017) Bovgyria, I.
While a number of current studies of religion are based on the religiosity dimension approach, in most cases, this approach is used only as a structural base for choosing an investigation level. At the same time, multidimensional approach can help us understand which combinations of religious manifestations are associated with self-identification as a religious person. The article presents analysis of empirical data with the aim to evaluate how various religiosity dimensions are related to identifying oneself as religious or non-religious and to investigate respective correlation differences in terms of direction and intensity in societies of Eastern Europe. It presents a comparative analysis of EVS survey results from 19 countries of Eastern Europe. It shows that, while all of the countries within the region have statistically significant positive correlations between religiosity dimensions and considering oneself (non)religious; correlation strengths differ so significantly that it is difficult to claim about unified pattern across all Eastern European societies. Comparative analysis of archived results allows to identify several clusters of countries within the region with common patterns in intensity of correlation between religiosity dimensions and considering oneself (non)religious. The differences in correlation profiles might be caused by historical and cultural background of the counties, their denominational structure and share of persons who consider one selves religious, character of cultural concept of ‘a religious person’ and linkage of religious identification with other identities in society.
CPSU and Komsomol Activists Within the Current Ukrainian Political Elite : Analysis of Biographies and Connections.
(2009) Kostiuchenko, Tetiana
In this paper, social networks perspective is applied to the analysis of biographies of the ex-Komsomol and ex-Party activists who are among of the Ukrainian political elite nowadays. There are two main questions to be answered: (i) whether these actors who are members of Ukrainian political elite have common biographical expe- rience they can rely on; (ii) whether their network positions make them in fluential, or are they so-called ‘central players’ within their subnetwork and overall network of political elite.
Cultural models and belief systems: detection and quantitative assessment of the threshold of shared collective knowledge
(2017) Maltseva, Kateryna
Researching collectively shared belief systems is one of the central tasks of social science. The goal of this article is to outline the quantitative options available to researchers of cultural models and, more generally, those options that can be used for measuring sharing due to culture. I begin by laying out major characteristics of cultural models and stress their definitive features that can guide the researchers in their selection of fitting measurement techniques and analytic procedures. Then I briefly discuss the intellectual history of the cultural models theoretical framework relevant to the emergence of the existing methodological diversity in this research niche. I consequently consider the internal properties of cultural models and review the corresponding methodologies currently in use for their elicitation and ethnographic interpretation. I evaluate their respective advantages and comment on usefulness of various quantitative options (both as an end product and as a stage in more complex integrative designs) in research on shared collective knowledge.
Cоціологічне дослідження "Залучення ветеранів до громадського і політичного життя: шлях від військових перемог до особистих": [препринт]
(2019-09-16) Марценюк, Тамара; Квіт, Анна; Полюхович, Ольга
Це дослідження було представлене ГО "Студена" за підтримки Агентства США з міжнародного розвитку (USAID). Проведення цього дослідження стало можливим завдяки щирій підтримці американського народу, наданій через Агентство США з міжнародного розвитку (USAID). Зміст продукції є винятковою відповідальністю ГО "Студена" та не обов’язково відображає погляди USAID або уряду США.
(De-)Gendering Ukraine: Understanding social change in a post-Soviet society
(2023) Martsenyuk, Tamara
Berichtet Tamara Martsenyuk über Einstellungen zu Diversität, Geschlechtergerechtigkeit und -arrangements in der ukrainischen Gesellschaft vor und während der russischen Vollinvasion.
Distinguishing between individual and collective representations in values transmission
(2013) Maltseva, Kateryna
The present article examines the processes of values transmission and explores the mechanisms by which the stable pattern of intra-cultural variation in values is maintained. The research design distinguishes between values endorsed on individual and collective levels (i. e. values relevant to one’s personal priorities vs. cultural identity). Two studies conducted in New England (2007–2008) investigated the possibility that individual and collective level values (1) rely on different channels of transmission and (2) differ in the degree of sensitivity to family support and parental investment. Theoretical and methodological implications for quantitative analysis of values are discussed.
Divergent trajectories of the miners’ movements in Ukraine and South Africa
(2013) Ryabchuk, Anastasiia
This paper examines the diverging trajectories of the labor movement in mining industry in Ukraine and South Africa. It compares the economic situation in the two countries, and defines the leading role of the miners’ movement in bringing forth social transformations in the early 1990s. Possible explanations for diverging paths in the miners’ movement in Ukraine and South Africa in the last decade are discussed in light of miners’ structural and associational power, and taking into account socio-economic factors, historical legacies, and the role of trade unions.
Educational Achievement, Social Background, and Occupational Allocations of Young Men and Women in Ukraine : [book chapter]
(2012) Oksamytna, Svitlana
Eleventh chapter of the book entitled "Gender, Politics, and Society in Ukraine" edited by Olena Hankivsky and Anastasiya Salnykova.
EU Policy towards Ukraine: Entering Geopolitical Competition over European Order
(2024) Raik, Kristi; Blockmans, Steven; Osypchuk, Anna; Suslov, Anton
Since 2004, competition between the European Union (EU) and Russia over the European political, economic and security order intensified sporadically, with a focal point in Ukraine. The EU’s main mitigation tactic in response to this competition used to be denial, but in 2022, following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, this approach became untenable. As a result, the EU entered the competition as an emerging geopolitical actor in three important respects: engaging in a conflict over the European order; utilising its (still limited) hard power; and extending its geographical borders. Most importantly, the EU is actively trying to shape the future of the European order that was challenged by Russia’s war against Ukraine. While pursuing its goals predominantly through civilian means, the EU has also taken major steps to strengthen its hard power capabilities and contributed military assistance. Furthermore, by granting candidate country status to Ukraine, it took a clear stance on its future borders, while these were violently contested.
Experience with the Implementation of Continuous Medical Education among Mother-and-Child Healthcare Providers in Ukraine: A Case Study Based on Two International Collaboration Initiatives
(2023) Chernysh, Tetiana; Opitz, Lucas; Riabtseva, Nataliia; Raab, Martin; Pavlova, Milena
Healthcare labor market shortages due to migration, inadequate investments, and lack of continuous training are essential concerns in the Eastern European region. This article aims to describe and reflect on the experience with the implementation of continuous medical education among mother-and-child healthcare providers in Ukraine, including achievements, challenges, and barriers. We analyze this case based on two international collaboration initiatives: the Swiss–Ukrainian program in mother-and-child health that ran from 2000 to 2015, supplemented by the recent Ukrainian–Swiss project "Medical education development" in 2018–2023. Methods: We use a case study approach as the methodology for our study. We collected data from documents (project reports reviews) and in-depth interviews with stakeholders. We apply the method of directed qualitative content analysis. Results: As a result of the Swiss–Ukrainian collaborations, the knowledge and awareness of medical personnel were greatly improved. Modern clinical concepts not well understood at the outset became commonplace and were incorporated into clinical activities. Nevertheless, obstacles to the implementation and rapid uptake of changes were found in the lack of knowledge of the English language among medical doctors, the fear of changes, and the lack of openness and readiness for novel evidence-based clinical practices. However, primary healthcare practitioners in this new project seem to be more inclined to change. Conclusions: A modernized continuous medical education which is based on the values of openness, respect, dialogue, and professionalism can be implemented with the input of an international assistance program despite the resistance of the system towards change.

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