Кафедра англійської мови

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Browsing Кафедра англійської мови by Author "Krylova-Grek, Yuliya"

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    A content analysis software system for efficient monitoring and detection of hate speech in online media
    (2023) Krylova-Grek, Yuliya; Burov, Oleksandr
    This paper presents the results of interdisciplinary project that is a combination of computer program and psycholinguistic approach to media study. In the research we presented the programs that can be used for monitoring and analysis of media content to identify hate speech at its early stage. The aims of research were the following: 1) develop content analysis program for monitoring Russian media outlets; 2) apply the psycholinguistic approach for identifying hidden and manipulative hate speech. In the research there were used two types of content-analysis: quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative content analysis was conducted with computer program that was developed to select publication that could have contained hate speech. For qualitative content analysis the psycholinguistic method of text analysis was used. The method applies for identification methods and tolls that journalists use to incriminate hidden and manipulative hate speech. It is hypothesized that programs of content-analysis help to optimize work and makes it less time-consuming and more effective for analyst, journalists and other specialists who involved into media study. Methods. Quantitative content analysis, psycholinguistic method of qualitative content-analysis. Quantitative content analysis was developed with Python programming language. The publications were selected according to the key words, periods of search (month) and the name of outlet. The list of key words includes words that are used in media for discrimination, dehumanization, and marginalization of objects of hate. Implementation such a program helped to reduce time of monitoring of media outlets. The qualitative content-analysis was conducted with the authors’ psycholinguistic method of text analysis that can be applied for analyzing media texts. The programs of content analysis were applied within the project "Hate Speech in Online Media Publicizing Events in Crimea". The results were published in a data analysis report on spreading the hate speech in the Russian language media communicating the armed Ukraine – Russia conflict and events related to it in Crimea on a regular base (December 2020 – May 2021). The research showed that the content analysis programs used in the project are useful tools for systematizing and processing data in humanities research and can be used by a wide range of specialist who have deal with collection and processing of information (media, communication, human rights and so on).
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    Hate speech detection in mass media: IT-based and psycholinguistic interdisciplinary approach
    (Centre for Higher Education Studies, 2021) Krylova-Grek, Yuliya
    In the research, I examine the issue of the influence of the mass media on a person’s consciousness from a psycholinguistic perspective. The core focus of my current research is hate speech in print media. The work was performed within an international project "Free voices: Promoting Independent Media in the Target Region" featuring the Crimean Human Rights Group. This paper presents an intermediate study of hate speech in the texts of online publications dated November 2020. To receive data I combined the author's method of psycholinguistic analysis with a help of a software bot. Our research consists of four stages. During the first stage, a team of journalists and volunteers with the help of a software bot carried out search query mining to find negative information. Later, applying the author's method of psycholinguistic analysis of the text, we scrutinized the material obtained to identify the type of hate speech, its techniques of influencing consciousness. The examples of hate speech were split into three types based on the use of specific linguistic and graphic tools: #1 direct hate speech; #2 indirect (hidden) hate speech; #3 manipulative hate speech. The evidence from this study intimates that the media tend to use examples of hate speech of the second and third types and avoid direct discrimination. In addition, there were mixed types: the combination of the second and third types and the combination of the first with the third or second type. I assumed the third and mixed#2-3 types of hate speech to be the methods of psycholinguistic manipulation. I have obtained comprehensive results proving that the majority of selected texts (75.7%) widely exploit methods of psycholinguistic manipulation. The results of this study will be used for a project report as well as to develop training for pre-journalist students and human rights defenders.
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    Hate Speech in Online Media Publicizing Events in Crimea : a data analysis report on spreading the hate speech in the Russian language media communicating the armed Ukraine – Russia conflict and events related to it in Crimea on a regular base (December 2020 – May 2021)
    (2022) Krylova-Grek, Yuliya; Siedova, Iryna; Budzar, Maryna
    The report presents the results of studies and content analysis of Russian-language online media available to readers of the occupied territories of Crimea and Donbas. The materials used in the document were published in these online media from December 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021. The report uses media materials distributed across the territory of Crimea since the occupation of the peninsula by the Russian Federation, as well as information from open sources, including information resources of the authorities of Ukraine, the Russian Federation and the de facto "authorities" of Crimea, and the Crimean Human Rights Group. The study target audience is representatives of media community, governmental authorities, educational and research institutions, diplomatic missions, and international organizations as well as non-governmental, including human rights. The Crimean Human Rights Group (CHRG) is an organization of Crimean human rights defenders and journalists aimed at supporting the respect and protection of human rights in Crimea by documenting violations of human rights and international humanitarian law on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula, and attracting a wide attention to such problems, as well as at searching and developing mechanisms for the protection of human rights in Crimea. The CHRG team includes experts, human rights defenders and journalists who, since February 2014, have been involved in monitoring and documenting human rights violations in Crimea. The CHRG focuses on human rights violations caused by the illegal actions of the Russian Federation in Crimea. The results of CHRG1 monitoring and documenting violations of human rights are presented in monthly reviews of human rights situation in Crimea as well as in ad hoc reports and articles.
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    Information and psychological security of the media space. Ukrainian experience of implementation of psycholinguistic component into media education
    (2023) Krylova-Grek, Yuliya; Korniyaka, Olga
    The article covers the Ukrainian experience of the of integrating a psycholinguistic component into media and information education,which we consider as one of the most important elements of the information security control system in the media space. The psycholinguistic component aims at providing special knowledge and skills for analysing linguistic means and non-linguistic tools used in the media to enhance the impact on the reader’s world view (media and information literacy), identifying fraudulent messages to prevent access to personal data (cyber literacy). This component also involves the acquisition by the media consumer of the skills of identifying the methods and techniques used by journalists to influence the reader. These skills allow analysing texts and understand the author’s intentions and purpose, as well as identifying the used means and methods of influencing the reader. We have designed a course of media and information education for journalists and consumers of media products in order to help them fully navigate the modern information and communication space and effectively counteract disinformation. The course aims to: (1) the formation of competence in the field of media, information and cyber literacy; (2) inclusion in the media literacy course of the basics of psycholinguistic analysis of materials; (3) the development of cyber literacy. The research used such methods as questionnaires, analysis and synthesis, arrangement, and systematization of theoretical and empirical material, psycholinguistic analysis of text. Conclusions. In the study, the psychological readiness of a media specialist to counteract manipulative informational and communicative influences is considered within the scope of the activity approach and in relation to such individual characteristics as motivational, cognitive, informational-technical, emotional-volitional, and moral-ethical competences. A media specialist’s possession of all these competencies is necessary for the formation of a stable psychological readiness to resist manipulative influences.
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    Psycholinguistic approach to the analysis of manipulative and indirect hate speech in media
    (2022) Krylova-Grek, Yuliya
    The present study takes a psycholinguistic approach to the analysis of Russian media texts published between December 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021. I aimed to provide a scientific basis for the existence of manipulative and indirect hate speech using an interdisciplinary methodology comprising linguistic, psycholinguistic, and other analytical methods such as fact-checking and logical analysis. This facilitated the identification of techniques employed by the authors of the respective texts. In the article, I describe how I use the methodology to analyse media texts. I discovered that three basic types of hate speech were used to influence the audience’s consciousness: (1) direct hate speech; (2) indirect (hidden) hate speech; and (3) manipulative hate speech. The first and second types were the most common. This may be explained by the fact that direct hate speech is condemned by international organisations and its use may be a reason for lawsuits against media outlets and their further penalisation. Texts with evidence of the second and third types of hate speech aimed to create a negative attitude toward a particular nationality, race, citizen, and so on. I consider such behaviour to be an early manifestation of widespread discrimination and other forms of intolerance, including possible violence and genocide. The present study was carried out in collaboration with a Crimean human rights group. The author was invited to participate as an expert in the field of psycholinguistic textual analysis. The research was prepared and completed at the beginning of February 2022, on the eve of the invasion of Ukraine. We have gathered evidence of indirect and manipulative hate speech that dehumanised, demonised, and marginalised Ukrainian citizens. This has led to violence against the civilian population and high numbers of casualties. The aforementioned methodology will continue to be used in the analysis of current media content.