Підходи до сумісного використання протоколів IPv4 та IPv6 у мережі підприємства
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Date
2017
Authors
Черкасов, Дмитро
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Abstract
Розробку протоколу IPv6 здійснено внаслідок непереборних обмежень протоколу IPv4, які
постали на шляху розвитку всесвітньої мережі Інтернет. Утім, оскільки одночасно замінити
широко використовуваний IPv4 на IPv6 виявилося неможливим, поширеною практикою на сьогодні
є співіснування обох протоколів. Оскільки IPv4 та IPv6 призначені для вирішення одних і тих самих
завдань, одночасна їх підтримка означає надлишковість витрачених ресурсів. У статті розглянуто
підходи до оптимізації використання обох протоколів 3-го рівня OSI в мережі сучасного підпри-
ємства з урахуванням тенденції до переважного розвитку мереж на основі протоколу IPv6.
The most critical restriction of IPv4 – a lack of available addresses – caused IPv6 to be introduced in the production networks. As neither of the protocols is compatible, they are going to coexist during the transition period which is supposed to last quite a long time. Several strategies are considered to provide interoperation between IPv4 and IPv6 capable objects, with dual-stack being the most functional yet requiring most of resources and complicacy of configuration. While coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 is inevitable in the Internet with frequent function duplication and dual-stack used widely, enterprise networks have features that provide for better efficiency of using both protocols. Centralized management, controlled hardware and software diversity as well as the used set of applications enable using a single L3 protocol as the basic with the other protocol used only to communicate with external resources if needed. Newly created enterprise networks should be based on IPv6, which will be beneficial in the future, as the overall part of IPv6 capable objects is growing rapidly. Legacy IPv4 based enterprise networks can still be used for quite a long time, as the amount of currently used private addresses is quite sufficient and the means of communication with external IPv6 resources provide satisfactory functionality. Yet migration to IPv6 is inevitable for these networks too, and introducing IPv6 in the form of overlay networks that do not break existing IPv4 infrastructure looks like an optimal solution.
The most critical restriction of IPv4 – a lack of available addresses – caused IPv6 to be introduced in the production networks. As neither of the protocols is compatible, they are going to coexist during the transition period which is supposed to last quite a long time. Several strategies are considered to provide interoperation between IPv4 and IPv6 capable objects, with dual-stack being the most functional yet requiring most of resources and complicacy of configuration. While coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 is inevitable in the Internet with frequent function duplication and dual-stack used widely, enterprise networks have features that provide for better efficiency of using both protocols. Centralized management, controlled hardware and software diversity as well as the used set of applications enable using a single L3 protocol as the basic with the other protocol used only to communicate with external resources if needed. Newly created enterprise networks should be based on IPv6, which will be beneficial in the future, as the overall part of IPv6 capable objects is growing rapidly. Legacy IPv4 based enterprise networks can still be used for quite a long time, as the amount of currently used private addresses is quite sufficient and the means of communication with external IPv6 resources provide satisfactory functionality. Yet migration to IPv6 is inevitable for these networks too, and introducing IPv6 in the form of overlay networks that do not break existing IPv4 infrastructure looks like an optimal solution.
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Keywords
IP, IPv6, Інтернет, корпоративна мережа, накладені мережі, enterprise network, addressing, overlay networks, стаття
Citation
Черкасов Д. І. Підходи до сумісного використання протоколів IPv4 та IPv6 у мережі підприємства / Черкасов Д. І. // Наукові записки НаУКМА. Комп'ютерні науки. - 2017. - Т. 198. - С. 59-64.