Колізії щодо участі прокурора в цивільному процесі
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Date
2021
Authors
Ярош, Ілля
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Abstract
У статті досліджено колізії, пов’язані з участю прокурора в цивільному судочинстві. Зазначено, що виникнення колізій щодо участі прокурора в цивільному процесі пов’язане з реформуванням
та прийняттям нового цивільного процесуального законодавства, а також із внесенням змін до
Конституції України. Описано колізії, що виникли між нормами Конституції України, Закону
України "Про прокуратуру" 2014 року, Сімейного кодексу України, а також Цивільним процесуальним кодексом України та Законом України "Про прокуратуру". Проаналізовано наукові публікації останніх чотирьох років і наголошено на суперечливих моментах у них. Вказано, що не всі науковці послідовно розглядали питання участі прокурора в цивільному процесі. Недоліки та суперечності в законодавстві призвели до різночитання законів не тільки суспільством, а й науковою спільнотою. Наголошено, що законодавство України щодо участі прокурора в цивільному процесі потребує узгодження з положеннями Конституції України, а функції прокурора передано іншим
державним органам.
The author of the article describes the collisions regarding the participation of the prosecutor in the civil procedure. It is mentioned that the emergence of collisions regarding the participation of the prosecutor in the civil procedure is associated with the reform and adoption of the new civil procedure legislation, as well as the amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine. The collisions which have arisen between the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On the Prosecutor’s Office” of 2014 and the Family Code of Ukraine are described. According to the Constitution of Ukraine, the prosecutor is deprived of the function of representation of citizens, and now has the function of representing the state in the civil procedure. It is mentioned that the legislator erroneously substantiates the existence in the laws of Ukraine, which contradict the constitutional norms, of such functions of the prosecutor as the representation of citizens and protection of children’s rights by the social role of the state. The State ombudsman should perform these functions, and the state should develop the institution of the free legal aid. The author analyzes the scientific publications of the last four years and emphasizes the contradictory points in them. It is mentioned that not all scientists have consistently considered the participation of the prosecutor in the civil procedure. Today not only society but also scientists interpret the laws differently due to the shortcomings of the legislation. It is separately substantiated that the prosecutor is the official representative of the state, defending its interests in court. So the plaintiff in cases, where there is no state body that can file a lawsuit, should be the state but not the prosecutor. It is emphasized that the legislation of Ukraine regarding the participation of the prosecutor in civil proceedings has to be brought in line with the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine. The prosecutor must perform only the functions specified in the Constitution of Ukraine. In this case, the principles of the rule of law and a democratic social state will be maintained.
The author of the article describes the collisions regarding the participation of the prosecutor in the civil procedure. It is mentioned that the emergence of collisions regarding the participation of the prosecutor in the civil procedure is associated with the reform and adoption of the new civil procedure legislation, as well as the amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine. The collisions which have arisen between the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On the Prosecutor’s Office” of 2014 and the Family Code of Ukraine are described. According to the Constitution of Ukraine, the prosecutor is deprived of the function of representation of citizens, and now has the function of representing the state in the civil procedure. It is mentioned that the legislator erroneously substantiates the existence in the laws of Ukraine, which contradict the constitutional norms, of such functions of the prosecutor as the representation of citizens and protection of children’s rights by the social role of the state. The State ombudsman should perform these functions, and the state should develop the institution of the free legal aid. The author analyzes the scientific publications of the last four years and emphasizes the contradictory points in them. It is mentioned that not all scientists have consistently considered the participation of the prosecutor in the civil procedure. Today not only society but also scientists interpret the laws differently due to the shortcomings of the legislation. It is separately substantiated that the prosecutor is the official representative of the state, defending its interests in court. So the plaintiff in cases, where there is no state body that can file a lawsuit, should be the state but not the prosecutor. It is emphasized that the legislation of Ukraine regarding the participation of the prosecutor in civil proceedings has to be brought in line with the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine. The prosecutor must perform only the functions specified in the Constitution of Ukraine. In this case, the principles of the rule of law and a democratic social state will be maintained.
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Keywords
законодавство, інтереси держави, інтереси громадянина, цивільний процес, стаття, legislation, interests of the state, interests of the citizen
Citation
Ярош І. С. Колізії щодо участі прокурора в цивільному процесі / Ярош І. С. // Наукові записки НаУКМА. Юридичні науки. - 2021. - Т. 7. - С. 87-95.