Могилянська школа журналістики

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Browsing Могилянська школа журналістики by Subject "book chapter"

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    Anti-EU narratives through the Russian-Ukrainian war in the light of StopFake.org’s debunks
    (Dykinson, 2023) Churanova, O.; Romaniuk, Viktoriia
    Disinformation as a tool of warfare was actively used in the Soviet Union and then by the Russian Federation. The conduct of Russia's hybrid war in Ukraine since 2014 has been accompanied by various information operations whose aim is to introduce harmful malign ideas and views into collective and individual consciousness; to disorient and misinform the public; to undermine certain beliefs and stability; to instill fear about one's neighbor through the portrayal of an enemy (Horban, 2015). Russia constantly disseminated a series of disinformation narratives to distort Ukraine's image in the eyes of both Western allies and Ukrainians themselves. Russia actively employs reflexive control to influence the opinions of the majority and the decisions made by stakeholders (Fedchenko, 2016; Media Aijr & Vailliant, 2018). Reflexive control compels a stronger opponent to voluntarily choose a particular action to benefit Russia and shapes the necessary perception of the situation around the opponent (Makukhin, 2018; Snegovaya, 2015). To this end, Russia creates the necessary images, visualizations, fake statements, and fake studies, including fake and manipulative news, all of which work in concert and in one direction – to make the adversary think and make decisions in a way that benefits Russia.
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    Building resilience of Ukrainian fact-checkers in the fight against disinformation about the European Union
    (Dykinson, 2023) Catalán Matamoros, Daniel; Romaniuk, Viktoriia
    This book is being published under the project titled "Building resilience of Ukrainian fact-checkers in the fight against disinformation about the EU" which was funded by the European Media and Information Fund (EMIF). The project was led by the UC3M MediaLab Research Group in Madrid University Carlos III in collaboration with StopFake.org, the leading fact-checking organization in Ukraine. The aim was to strengthen the capacity of EU and Ukrainian factchecking organizations to combat disinformation, particularly around topics related to the European Union. The war in Ukraine has intensified disinformation, including Russian propaganda that actively discredits the EU and tries to undermine support for Ukraine from EU states and democratic values inside Ukrainian media space (European Commission, 2022). The project mapped the main disinformation narratives and actors to flag them to the wider fact-checking community in the European Union to help them identify malign narratives and mitigate their impact. This initiative is a set of research and educational activities aimed at improving fact-checking skills and awareness among fact-checkers. The project fosters positive transformations in the EU and Ukrainian media landscapes through information dissemination and knowledge exchange. The project strengthens the work of fact-checking organizations and reviews expertise and methodologies on information verification. Through this approach, it is expected to contribute significantly to the fight against disinformation in Europe. Therefore, this project is funded by EMIF and led by UC3M MediaLab and StopFake.org, key organizations in the field.
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    Recommendations on strengthening the capacity of fact-checkers to combat disinformation
    (Dykinson, 2023) Romaniuk, Viktoriia; Fedchenko, Yevhen; Deynychenko, Ruslan
    In 2018, the European Commission launched the EU Code of Practice on Disinformation, the first self-regulatory piece of legislation that intended to motivate companies to collaborate on solving the problem of disinformation. This updated Code makes 44 commitments and includes 128 detailed measures. Among the main measures mentioned in this document are the following "empowering researchers and fact-Checkers" (The Strengthened Code of Practice on Disinformation, 2022). This shows the growing role of fact-checking organisations in the EU and the US. Over the last few years, the number of fact-checking services in Europe has increased significantly, both as part of media outlets and independent factchecking organisations (Graves, Cherubini, 2016).