Обряди з рушником: аспекти комунікації у традиційній культурі українців
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Date
2017
Authors
Самара, Оксана
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Abstract
У статті рушник подано в рамках семіотики і як елемент предметної комунікації з метою виявити смисл системи приписів щодо нього в традиційній культурі. З цих міркувань рушник розглянуто як
знак, тому обряди виступають однією зі знакових систем, в яких він набуває значення. З огляду на
співвіднесеність рушника із комунікативним актом визначено його належність до речей-знаків чи
речей-жестів, що допомагає встановити комунікативні цілі мовця та авторство повідомлень в обрядових діях із ним. Обряди запропоновано розглядати як іллокутивні дії, що мають перлокутивний
вплив залежно від інтенцій мовця, що можуть виражатися як через типи рушникових композицій,
так і через обряди із рушником. Відповідно, в статті обговорено як функціонування рушника, так
і його декоративне оформлення.
Rushnyk is a kind of ritual textile widely used in Ukraine up to now. Being one of the most important phenomena of Ukrainian culture, it has become a trend in scientific circles. Therefore researchers tend to interpret some of rushnyk patterns in order to find out the meaning of signs encoded in it. Most of these interpretations are inaccurate: they may contain exaggeration, generalization, and free interpretations based not on real facts but rather on beliefs of some researchers. The article argues that rushnyk is an item of thing-communication and has to be analysed in terms of the semiotic theory. It is argued that an isolated sign without context cannot be interpreted, as it is usually done with the patterns of rushnyk. Thus the paper attempts to determine the sign system in which rushnyk gains its genuine meaning. The article aims to answer two major questions: Is rushnyk a thing-sign or a thing-gesture? How does it correlate with the communication act? Thus, the paper interprets rituals as an illocutionary act which has a perlocutionary effect due to the initial intention. For this purpose the analysis focuses on who the addressee of the rushnyk rituals is and what the communicative intention is. The article discusses the types of rushnyk patterns and the types of rituals rushnyk is involved in. The pattern of rushnyk is its minimal semantic unit. The parts of this pattern can refer to certain phenomena through the correspondence of colour, textile, and manufacturing style.
Rushnyk is a kind of ritual textile widely used in Ukraine up to now. Being one of the most important phenomena of Ukrainian culture, it has become a trend in scientific circles. Therefore researchers tend to interpret some of rushnyk patterns in order to find out the meaning of signs encoded in it. Most of these interpretations are inaccurate: they may contain exaggeration, generalization, and free interpretations based not on real facts but rather on beliefs of some researchers. The article argues that rushnyk is an item of thing-communication and has to be analysed in terms of the semiotic theory. It is argued that an isolated sign without context cannot be interpreted, as it is usually done with the patterns of rushnyk. Thus the paper attempts to determine the sign system in which rushnyk gains its genuine meaning. The article aims to answer two major questions: Is rushnyk a thing-sign or a thing-gesture? How does it correlate with the communication act? Thus, the paper interprets rituals as an illocutionary act which has a perlocutionary effect due to the initial intention. For this purpose the analysis focuses on who the addressee of the rushnyk rituals is and what the communicative intention is. The article discusses the types of rushnyk patterns and the types of rituals rushnyk is involved in. The pattern of rushnyk is its minimal semantic unit. The parts of this pattern can refer to certain phenomena through the correspondence of colour, textile, and manufacturing style.
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Keywords
рушник, теорія комунікації, комунікація предметів, мовленнєвий акт, іллокуція, перлокуція, communication theory, Ukrainian rushnyk, ritual thing, semiotics, speech act, illocution, perlocution, стаття
Citation
Самара Оксана Сергіївна. Обряди з рушником: аспекти комунікації у традиційній культурі українців / Самара О. С. // Магістеріум. Культурологія. - 2017. - Вип. 68. - С. 95-101.