Population genomics of the Viking world

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dc.contributor.authorMargaryan, Ashot
dc.contributor.authorLawson, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorPotekhina, Inna
dc.contributor.authorSikora, Martin
dc.contributor.authorRacimo, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorRasmussen, Simon
dc.contributor.authorMoltke, Ida
dc.contributor.authorCassidy, Lara
dc.contributor.authorJørsboe, Emil
dc.contributor.authorIngason, Andrés
dc.contributor.authorPedersen, Mikkel
dc.contributor.authorKorneliussen, Thorfinn
dc.contributor.authorWilhelmson, Helene
dc.contributor.authorBuś, Magdalena
dc.contributor.authorDamgaard, Peter de Barros
dc.contributor.authorMartiniano, Rui
dc.contributor.authorRenaud, Gabriel
dc.contributor.authorBhérer, Claude
dc.contributor.authorMoreno-Mayar, J. Víctor
dc.contributor.authorFotakis, Anna
dc.contributor.authorAllen, Marie
dc.contributor.authorMolak, Martyna
dc.contributor.authorCappellini, Enrico
dc.contributor.authorScorrano, Gabriele
dc.contributor.authorBuzhilova, Alexandra
dc.contributor.authorFox, Allison
dc.contributor.authorAlbrechtsen, Anders
dc.contributor.authorSchütz, Berit
dc.contributor.authorSkar, Birgitte
dc.contributor.authorArcini, Caroline
dc.contributor.authorFalys, Ceri
dc.contributor.authorHedenstierna-Jonson, Charlotte
dc.contributor.authorBłaszczyk, Dariusz
dc.contributor.authorPezhemsky, Denis
dc.contributor.authorTurner-Walker, Gordon
dc.contributor.authorGestsdóttir, Hildur
dc.contributor.authorLundstrøm, Inge
dc.contributor.authorGustin, Ingrid
dc.contributor.authorMainland, Ingrid
dc.contributor.authorMuntoni, Italo
dc.contributor.authorCheng, Jade
dc.contributor.authorStenderup, Jesper
dc.contributor.authorMa, Jilong
dc.contributor.authorGibson, Julie
dc.contributor.authorPeets, Jüri
dc.contributor.authorGustafsson, Jörgen
dc.contributor.authorIversen, Katrine
dc.contributor.authorSimpson, Linzi
dc.contributor.authorStrand, Lisa
dc.contributor.authorLoe, Louise
dc.contributor.authorSikora, Maeve
dc.contributor.authorFlorek, Marek
dc.contributor.authorVretemark, Maria
dc.contributor.authorRedknap, Mark
dc.contributor.authorBajka, Monika
dc.contributor.authorPushkina, Tamara
dc.contributor.authorSøvsø, Morten
dc.contributor.authorGrigoreva, Natalia
dc.contributor.authorChristensen, Tom
dc.contributor.authorKastholm, Ole
dc.contributor.authorUldum, Otto
dc.contributor.authorFavia, Pasquale
dc.contributor.authorHolck, Per
dc.contributor.authorAllmäe, Raili
dc.contributor.authorSten, Sabine
dc.contributor.authorArge, Símun
dc.contributor.authorEllingvåg, Sturla
dc.contributor.authorMoiseyev, Vayacheslav
dc.contributor.authorBogdanowicz, Wiesław
dc.contributor.authorMagnusson, Yvonne
dc.contributor.authorOrlando, Ludovic
dc.contributor.authorBradley, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorBradley, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorJørkov, Marie Louise
dc.contributor.authorArneborg, Jette
dc.contributor.authorLynnerup, Niels
dc.contributor.authorPrice, Neil
dc.contributor.authorGilbert, M. Thomas
dc.contributor.authorAllentoft, Morten
dc.contributor.authorBill, Jan
dc.contributor.authorSindbæk, Søren
dc.contributor.authorHedeager, Lotte
dc.contributor.authorKristiansen, Kristian
dc.contributor.authorNielsen, Rasmus
dc.contributor.authorWerge, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorWillerslev, Eske
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-11T12:47:05Z
dc.date.available2020-08-11T12:47:05Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractThe Viking maritime expansion from Scandinavia (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) marks one of the swiftest and most far-flung cultural transformations in global history. During this time (c. 750 to 1050 CE), the Vikings reached most of western Eurasia, Greenland, and North America, and left a cultural legacy that persists till today. To understand the genetic structure and influence of the Viking expansion, we sequenced the genomes of 442 ancient humans from across Europe and Greenland ranging from the Bronze Age (c. 2400 BC) to the early Modern period (c. 1600 CE), with particular emphasis on the Viking Age. We find that the period preceding the Viking Age was accompanied by foreign gene flow into Scandinavia from the south and east: spreading from Denmark and eastern Sweden to the rest of Scandinavia. Despite the close linguistic similarities of modern Scandinavian languages, we observe genetic structure within Scandinavia, suggesting that regional population differences were already present 1,000 years ago. We find evidence for a majority of Danish Viking presence in England, Swedish Viking presence in the Baltic, and Norwegian Viking presence in Ireland, Iceland, and Greenland. Additionally, we see substantial foreign European ancestry entering Scandinavia during the Viking Age. We also find that several of the members of the only archaeologically well-attested Viking expedition were close family members. By comparing Viking Scandinavian genomes with present-day Scandinavian genomes, we find that pigmentation-associated loci have undergone strong population differentiation during the last millennia. Finally, we are able to trace the allele frequency dynamics of positively selected loci with unprecedented detail, including the lactase persistence allele and various alleles associated with the immune response. We conclude that the Viking diaspora was characterized by substantial foreign engagement: distinct Viking populations influenced the genomic makeup of different regions of Europe, while Scandinavia also experienced increased contact with the rest of the continent.en_US
dc.identifier.citationPopulation genomics of the Viking world : [preprint] / Ashot Margaryan, Daniel Lawson [...], Inna Potekhina [et al.].en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1101/703405
dc.identifier.urihttps://ekmair.ukma.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17787
dc.language.isoenuk_UA
dc.relation.sourcebioRxiven_US
dc.statusfirst publisheduk_UA
dc.subjectViking Ageen_US
dc.subjectScandinavianen_US
dc.subjectgenetic compositionen_US
dc.subjectpreprinten_US
dc.titlePopulation genomics of the Viking worlden_US
dc.typePreprintuk_UA
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