Українські археологи-нонконформісти тоталітарної доби

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dc.contributor.authorОтрощенко, Віталій
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-14T14:42:18Z
dc.date.available2023-02-14T14:42:18Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractУ статті висвітлено прояви інтелектуального спротиву українських науковців-археологів радянській реальності у 20—80-х рр. ХХ ст., що мають ознаки нонконформізму.uk_UA
dc.description.abstractThe article is devoted to the study of manifestations of intellectual resistance of scientists to the ruling regime during 1920—80s, which has signs of non-conformism. The author considers the concept of “non-conformism”, based on the definition of the Russian human rights activist Yu. F. Lukin: in every society there are not only those who support the official policy, indifferent conformists, but also those who disagree, dissidents who oppose the dominant religion, ideology, the existing political system, a way of life. The topic of non-conformism in archaeology was substantiated by Russian thinker L. S. Klein, who included G. A. Bonch-Osmolovskyi, S. M. Zamyatnin, O. M. Rogachev, O. L. Mongait, G. B. Fedorov and A. S. Formozov among them. L. S. Klein should be added to them. Among the Ukrainian archaeologists of the totalitarian era, the personalities of M. O. Makarenko, V. P. Petrov (Domontovych), M. Yu. Braichevskyi, B. M. Mozolevskyi, S. N. Bratchenko attract attention. They represent four generations of native scholars who consistently carried the baton of resistance to the ruling regime until its logical collapse in 1991, which they had foreseen. They deliberately chose public forms of protest through speeches, statements, lectures, creation and distribution of resonant scientific texts in the country and abroad. An important role was played by communication with colleagues and students in the archaeological expeditions they led. In the system of total control created by the authorities, non-conformists quickly became the objects of close attention from the State Security Committee. The declassified archives of the special services shed light on the methods of their work with a contingent of people dangerous to the regime, including: study, recruitment attempts, prevention and repressive forms of influence, up to execution (the fate of M. O. Makarenko). All mentioned researchers had gone through the control system. B. M. Mozolevskyi was saved from arrest thanks to the Pectoral he found. The system did not allow revealing and realizing the powerful creative potential of deviant creators. This did not save it, and irreparable damage was done to science.en_US
dc.identifier.citationОтрощенко В. В. Українські археологи-нонконформісти тоталітарної доби / В. В. Отрощенко // Археологія. - 2022. - № 3. - С. 131-146. - https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2022.03.131uk_UA
dc.identifier.issn0235-3490
dc.identifier.issn2616-499X
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2022.03.131
dc.identifier.urihttps://ekmair.ukma.edu.ua/handle/123456789/24695
dc.language.isoukuk_UA
dc.relation.sourceАрхеологіяuk_UA
dc.statusfirst publisheduk_UA
dc.subjectконформізмuk_UA
dc.subjectнонконформізмuk_UA
dc.subjectМикола Макаренкоuk_UA
dc.subjectВіктор Петров (Домонтович)uk_UA
dc.subjectМихайло Брайчевськийuk_UA
dc.subjectБорис Мозолевськийuk_UA
dc.subjectСтаніслав Братченкоuk_UA
dc.subjectстаттяuk_UA
dc.subjectconformismen_US
dc.subjectnon-conformismen_US
dc.subjectState Security Committee controlen_US
dc.subjectMykola Makarenkoen_US
dc.subjectViktor Petrov (Domontovych)en_US
dc.subjectMykhailo Braichevskyien_US
dc.subjectBorys Mozolevskyien_US
dc.subjectStanislav Bratchenkoen_US
dc.titleУкраїнські археологи-нонконформісти тоталітарної добиuk_UA
dc.title.alternativeUkrainian archaeologists-nonconformists of the totalitarian eraen_US
dc.typeArticleuk_UA
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