Вип. 18. Економічні студії
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Browsing Вип. 18. Економічні студії by Subject "article"
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Item The Analysis of Re-Employment Probabilities for the Unemployed in Ukraine(2005) Kupets, OlgaThis paper presents the results of an econometric analysis of the conditional probability of an individual leaving unemployment in Ukraine. Individual-level data are used from the first wave of the Ukrainian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (ULMS-2003) to determine factors affecting re-employment probabilities between 1997 and 2003 in a competing-risks discrete-time semiparametric framework. We test some basic hypotheses originated from a job search theory on the influence of individual-specific and local labor market characteristics on the hazard of leaving unemployment, as well as our hypothesis about disincentive effect of existence of income from casual activities and subsidiary farming during long non-employment period and no effect of unemployment benefits with respect to transition from unemployment to a job. This paper shows that longterm unemployment remains an important issue in Ukraine even in stronger labor market conditions after economy's reversal, and that re-employment probability is very unevenly distributed among various subgroups of unemployed individuals.Item Challenges to VAT in the Environment of Multiple Tax Jurisdictions(2005) Vakhitov, VolodymyrThe work considers a normative approach to VAT implementation in the environment of tax competition between multiple tax jurisdictions. One of the most sever problems with VAT is tax avoidance, which occurs due to differences in general taxation principles between regions (source-based or destination based taxation) as well as different tax rates. Three proposals are presented. However, as it is mentioned, none of them may be superior to others.Item Dollarization in the CIS: the Case of Ukraine(2005) Curtis, Elisabeth; Gardner, Roy; Waller, ChristopherLike many emerging market economies, the Ukrainian economy is partially dollarized - in fact, its entire period of independence has been marked by significant dollarization. What makes this situation more striking is that, while Ukraine has witnessed two very different monetary regimes since independence, the extent of dollarization appears to be largely unchanged across the two regimes. We offer an explanation of this phenomenon, highlighting the significant role the shadow economy plays in Ukraine, and we discuss implications/or dollarization or euroization in Ukraine's future.Item Optimal Trade and Industrial Policy in Transition Economies: the Case of Ukrainian Iron Ore Industry(2005) Yuzefovych, О.The objective of the paper is to estimate the deadweight losses from the government industrial policy of regulating price for iron ore raw materials. The analysis is done with the help of partial equilibrium analysis for a "Large" country case which Ukraine is on the world (Eastern European) market. The "Large" country case allows Ukraine to have some power on the market to change the world price.Item The Society Transformation During Transition: Income Mobility in Ukraine(2005) Kuzmenko, D.; Krasnikova, LarysaThe study is devoted to the analysis of income mobility in Ukraine. The issue of income mobility is examined on both macro and microeconomic levels using a number of statistic and econometric tools. The findings of the study include the analysis of mobility direction, mobility intensity, the behaviour of income movements of people in different income intervals, and the adjustment of different individual skills and characteristics in the transition period.Item The Empirical Study of Tax Evasion and Its Determinants in Russia(2005) Trehub, M.; Krasnikova, LarysaThis study develops a methodology that uses microeconomic data from Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey of households to explore tax evasion patterns in Russia and their changes due to the possible impact of personal income tax reform that was launched in the beginning of 2001. Our empirical test verifies significant relationships between tax evasion and tax rates as well as other economic and demographic characteristics of households that could provide a supporting evidence for the suggested fiscal policy recommendations.Item Ukraine, the Enlargement of the European Union and Consequences for Higher Education(2005) Shlomo, Weber; Hans, WiesmethEven though Ukraine is to some extent integrated into the world trading system, and is characterized by a remarkably high education index, both the structural composition of imports and exports and the absolute numbers on GDP per capita and on expenditures/or research and development represent a considerable gap between the economic development in Ukraine and in the member states of the European Union. The enlargement of the European Union and the establishment of the Free Trade Area between Ukraine and the European Union will offer Ukraine an enhanced opportunity for fostering its economic growth. In order to accommodate the increasing capital intensity due to the rising flow of foreign direct investment, it will be necessary to raise labour intensity by shifting the focus to new products with higher knowledge content. This in turn requires a careful analysis of adequate study programs in the institutions of higher learning.Item Ukrainian Airline Companies in the Global Economy(2005) Bilotkach, V.We examine the issue of the strategies of Ukrainian airline companies in the deregulated airline market. The current network structure offered by the two largest Ukrainian carriers is not viable in the long-run. A merger benveen the two carriers will more likely lead to counter-competitive effects, as compared to an alliance, including only international services of the two carriers. We suggest that such an alliance will allow the two carriers to establish a stronger position on the world airline market.