The beginning of the theory of biosphere is related to 1875, when E. Zyuss introduced that term for determination the whole living matter of the Earth. In 50 years after that V. I. Vernadskiy presented the theory of biosphere, in which the living matter stand out as a global geochemical factor. This teaching is based on deep analyze of datas, which natural history had at one's disposal. Some of them became old, but at the same time new scientific advances, explaining new species of the theory of biosphere appeared.