Тривимірна діаграма Ганта як графічне вирішення проблеми планування проектів з обмеженими ресурсами
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Date
2019
Authors
Карайман, Ольга
Афонін, Андрій
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Abstract
Із метою часткового вирішення та спрощення роботи з NP-повною проблемою планування проектів з обмеженими ресурсами (RCPSP), подано тривимірну діаграму Ганта шляхом розширення двовимірного представлення класичної діаграми, із додаванням третього ресурсного виміру. Діаграма Ганта може чітко відображати споживання ресурсів кожної діяльності й надавати цінну інформацію щодо ресурсів, вузьких місць і шляхів розв’язання конфлікту ресурсів. Результати використання діаграми Ганта на декількох проектах показують доцільність її застосування для полегшення сприйняття та керування проектами з обмеженими ресурсами.
One of the major challenges in project management is project planning, which is nothing else but a temporary organization of activities. In order to deliver project in the shorter amount of time, a special attention should be paid to the limited resources that are necessary for the accomplishment of the tasks. The first approaches to project planning were developed in the 1950s: the Critical Path Method (CPM), and the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) basically allow for a temporary project analysis without taking into account any constraints. In the years to come, these early models have been constantly expanding and refined to meet the various requirements that arise in practice. The most significant extension of the study was the integration of resources as a factor for the successful completion of the project are considered in the scope of the resourceconstrained project scheduling problem. In order to partially solve and simplify the work with the NP-complete resource-constrained project-scheduling problem (RCPSP), the three-dimensional Gantt chart is presented by expanding the two-dimensional representation of the classical diagram and by adding the third resource dimension. The Gantt chart can clearly reflect the consumption of resources of each activity and provide valuable information on resources, bottlenecks, and ways to resolve the resource conflicts. The results of using the Gantt chart on several projects show the feasibility of using it to facilitate the perception and management of projects with limited resources.
One of the major challenges in project management is project planning, which is nothing else but a temporary organization of activities. In order to deliver project in the shorter amount of time, a special attention should be paid to the limited resources that are necessary for the accomplishment of the tasks. The first approaches to project planning were developed in the 1950s: the Critical Path Method (CPM), and the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) basically allow for a temporary project analysis without taking into account any constraints. In the years to come, these early models have been constantly expanding and refined to meet the various requirements that arise in practice. The most significant extension of the study was the integration of resources as a factor for the successful completion of the project are considered in the scope of the resourceconstrained project scheduling problem. In order to partially solve and simplify the work with the NP-complete resource-constrained project-scheduling problem (RCPSP), the three-dimensional Gantt chart is presented by expanding the two-dimensional representation of the classical diagram and by adding the third resource dimension. The Gantt chart can clearly reflect the consumption of resources of each activity and provide valuable information on resources, bottlenecks, and ways to resolve the resource conflicts. The results of using the Gantt chart on several projects show the feasibility of using it to facilitate the perception and management of projects with limited resources.
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Keywords
проблема планування проектів з обмеженими ресурсами, RCPSP, діаграма Ганта, керування проектами, стаття, Resource-constrained project scheduling problem, RCPSP, Gantt chart, project management, critical path method, program evaluation and review technique, article
Citation
Карайман О. О. Тривимірна діаграма Ганта як графічне вирішення проблеми планування проектів з обмеженими ресурсами / Карайман О. O., Афонін А. О. // Наукові записки НаУКМА. Комп'ютерні науки. - 2019. - Т. 2. - С. 50-55.