Судова аргументація: особливості, порівняльний аналіз та вітчизняна і зарубіжна практика: автореферат дисертації на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук
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Date
2021
Authors
Кістяник, Володимир
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Abstract
Автореферат дисертації на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук
за спеціальністю 12.00.01 "Теорія та історія держави і права; історія
політичних і правових учень". – Національний університет "Києво-
Могилянська академія" Міністерства освіти і науки України. – Київ, 2021.
17
Узагальнений короткий виклад основного змісту дисертації.
Дисертаційну роботу присвячено комплексному дослідженню судової
аргументації, зокрема розкриті етапи її розвитку, загальнотеоретичні основи,
а також особливості і характерні риси аргументації учасників судового
процесу. Також у дисертації проаналізовано особливості судової
аргументації в романо-германській та англосаксонській правових сім’ях.
Особливу увагу приділено аналізу аргументації рішень Федерального
Конституційного Суду Німеччини, Європейського суду з прав людини та
судів України.
У розділі 1. "Історико-правові та загальнотеоретичні засади
розвитку судової аргументації" за допомогою історичного методу
виокремлені такі періоди розвитку судової аргументації, як античний,
середньовічний, новий і новітній. Методом порівняльного аналізу
виокремлено місце судової аргументації в системі юридичної аргументації.
За допомогою використання порівняння та формально-логічного
методу виділено теоретичні підходи, які мають вплив на розвиток судової
аргументації: логічний, риторичний, діалогічний, правового реалізму,
соціологічний, діалектичний, прагма-діалектичний, герменевтичний,
когерентний тощо.
У розділі 2. "Особливості судової аргументації в контексті учасників
судового процесу, правових сімей та окремих судових інституцій",
використовуючи формально-догматичний та емпіричний методи, визначено
основні риси судової аргументації та особливості аргументації учасників
судового процесу. За допомогою порівняння правових сімей розкрито
особливості судової аргументації в англосаксонській і романо-германській
правових сім’ях.
Аналізуючи судові рішення Федерального Конституційного Суду
Німеччини та Європейського суду з прав людини та виокремлено характерні
риси аргументації рішень зазначених судів.
У розділі 3. "Характерні риси аргументації в судовій практиці
України" досліджено аргументацію рішень судів України, їхні особливості та
застосування у судовій практиці України. Зокрема, проаналізовано важливі
ознаки аргументації в діяльності Конституційного Суду України та в судах
загальної юрисдикції.
Thesis abstract for Candidate Degree in Law, specialization 12.00.01 "Theory and History of State and Law; History of Political and Legal Studies", National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy of Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. – Kyiv. 2021. Summary of the main content of the dissertation. This dissertation is devoted to the comprehensive research of judicial argumentation and, in particular, to its periods of development and general theoretical foundations, its peculiarities, as well as trial participants’ judicial argumentation specifics. The paper also examines the peculiarities of judicial argumentation in Civil Law and Common Law and makes particular focus on the study of European Court of Human Rights case law, judicial decisions rendered by The Federal Constitutional Court of Germany, and judicial practice in Ukraine. Section 1. "Historical, legal and general theoretical grounds of judicial argumentation’s development" applies the historical method to establish the developmental periods of judicial argumentation, namely: ancient, medieval, modern, and current. The method of comparative analysis has supported the distinguishing of judicial argumentation place in the system of legal argumentation. A distinction between theoretical approaches that influence the development of judicial argumentation, namely logic, rhetoric, dialogic, legal realism, sociologic, dialectics, pragma-dialectics, hermeneutic, coherent is made via the methodology of comparison and formal logic. Section 2. "Specifics of judicial argumentation in the context of judicial process’ participants, legal families and certain judicial institutions" applies formal-dogmatic and empirical methods to highlight the peculiarities of judicial argumentation and the peculiarities of participants’ argumentation in trial. The features of judicial argumentation in Civil law and Common law are revealed through comparative analysis. The chapter also provides an analysis of the Federal Сonstitutional Сourt of Germany judgments and European Court of Human Rights judgments, specifically focusing on their argumentation. Section 3. "Specific features of argumentation in judicial practice of Ukraine" explores argumentation in decisions of Ukrainian courts and highlights its features, and their application in the country’s judicial practice. The chapter specifies features of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and courts of general jurisdiction approaches. Scientific novelty of the results obtained. The dissertation is the first work within the body of Ukrainian research on the general theory of law to examine the features of judicial argumentation. The study has utilized the following new results for domestic jurisprudence, which reflect its novelty and the author’s personal contribution. The following are defined for the first time: – the definition of the concept of "judicial argumentation" as a one of legal argumentation types, its distinction attributing to the essence and appointment of a court, its place at resolving conflicts and other issues, where features depending on the participants’ role in the trial; – judicial argumentation is classified: by subject; by logical approach; by jurisdiction; according to the relevant scientific doctrinal approach; – the distinguishing features of judicial argumentation in civil law and common law legal families, namely the differences between them in construction of arguments at litigation. These features used by the court are the following: researched evidence; logical receptions; the level of the judge’s interference in the research of case; sources of litigation argumentation; alternative ways of defining litigation; by the kind of official interpretation are analyzed; – the distinguishing features of argumentation used by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine which defined by its nature are highlighted. Such features are the following: the predominance of the inductive argumentation model; the official nature of legal interpretation; wide usage of research (search) principle; the influence of the doctrine of amicus curiae and doctrine of «Political question»; a doctrinal approach to litigation; a controlled level of discretion; – the specific features of argumentation by courts of general jurisdiction in Ukraine were defined, namely: the dependence on the specialization of the judiciary; the predominance of the deductive model of argumentation; extensive usage of the rhetorical approach; the presence of emotional and psychological components. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in their utility for: deepening academic knowledge about the peculiarities of judicial argumentation by creating the necessary theoretical basis for improvement of the educational process within the courses and special courses in general theory of law, including special courses on the theory of legal argumentation, in the writing of textbooks and manuals, and in the improvement of legislation on legal education; the practice of law in optimizing the arguments of participants in the legal proceedings. The results of the study can also be applied to effectively implement judicial reform in Ukraine.
Thesis abstract for Candidate Degree in Law, specialization 12.00.01 "Theory and History of State and Law; History of Political and Legal Studies", National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy of Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. – Kyiv. 2021. Summary of the main content of the dissertation. This dissertation is devoted to the comprehensive research of judicial argumentation and, in particular, to its periods of development and general theoretical foundations, its peculiarities, as well as trial participants’ judicial argumentation specifics. The paper also examines the peculiarities of judicial argumentation in Civil Law and Common Law and makes particular focus on the study of European Court of Human Rights case law, judicial decisions rendered by The Federal Constitutional Court of Germany, and judicial practice in Ukraine. Section 1. "Historical, legal and general theoretical grounds of judicial argumentation’s development" applies the historical method to establish the developmental periods of judicial argumentation, namely: ancient, medieval, modern, and current. The method of comparative analysis has supported the distinguishing of judicial argumentation place in the system of legal argumentation. A distinction between theoretical approaches that influence the development of judicial argumentation, namely logic, rhetoric, dialogic, legal realism, sociologic, dialectics, pragma-dialectics, hermeneutic, coherent is made via the methodology of comparison and formal logic. Section 2. "Specifics of judicial argumentation in the context of judicial process’ participants, legal families and certain judicial institutions" applies formal-dogmatic and empirical methods to highlight the peculiarities of judicial argumentation and the peculiarities of participants’ argumentation in trial. The features of judicial argumentation in Civil law and Common law are revealed through comparative analysis. The chapter also provides an analysis of the Federal Сonstitutional Сourt of Germany judgments and European Court of Human Rights judgments, specifically focusing on their argumentation. Section 3. "Specific features of argumentation in judicial practice of Ukraine" explores argumentation in decisions of Ukrainian courts and highlights its features, and their application in the country’s judicial practice. The chapter specifies features of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and courts of general jurisdiction approaches. Scientific novelty of the results obtained. The dissertation is the first work within the body of Ukrainian research on the general theory of law to examine the features of judicial argumentation. The study has utilized the following new results for domestic jurisprudence, which reflect its novelty and the author’s personal contribution. The following are defined for the first time: – the definition of the concept of "judicial argumentation" as a one of legal argumentation types, its distinction attributing to the essence and appointment of a court, its place at resolving conflicts and other issues, where features depending on the participants’ role in the trial; – judicial argumentation is classified: by subject; by logical approach; by jurisdiction; according to the relevant scientific doctrinal approach; – the distinguishing features of judicial argumentation in civil law and common law legal families, namely the differences between them in construction of arguments at litigation. These features used by the court are the following: researched evidence; logical receptions; the level of the judge’s interference in the research of case; sources of litigation argumentation; alternative ways of defining litigation; by the kind of official interpretation are analyzed; – the distinguishing features of argumentation used by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine which defined by its nature are highlighted. Such features are the following: the predominance of the inductive argumentation model; the official nature of legal interpretation; wide usage of research (search) principle; the influence of the doctrine of amicus curiae and doctrine of «Political question»; a doctrinal approach to litigation; a controlled level of discretion; – the specific features of argumentation by courts of general jurisdiction in Ukraine were defined, namely: the dependence on the specialization of the judiciary; the predominance of the deductive model of argumentation; extensive usage of the rhetorical approach; the presence of emotional and psychological components. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in their utility for: deepening academic knowledge about the peculiarities of judicial argumentation by creating the necessary theoretical basis for improvement of the educational process within the courses and special courses in general theory of law, including special courses on the theory of legal argumentation, in the writing of textbooks and manuals, and in the improvement of legislation on legal education; the practice of law in optimizing the arguments of participants in the legal proceedings. The results of the study can also be applied to effectively implement judicial reform in Ukraine.
Description
Keywords
аргументація, риторика, суд, юридична аргументація, судова аргументація, Європейський суд з прав людини, Федеральний Конституційний Суд Німеччини, суд загальної юрисдикції, Конституційний Суд України, автореферат дисертації, argumentation, rhetoric, court, legal argumentation, judicial argumentation, the European Court of Human Rights, the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany, court of general jurisdiction, Constitutional Court of Ukraine
Citation
Кістяник В. І. Судова аргументація: особливості, порівняльний аналіз та вітчизняна і зарубіжна практика : автореферат дисертації на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук / Кістяник Володимир Іванович ; [наук. керівник Шевчук С. В.] ; М-во освіти і науки України, Нац. ун-т "Києво-Могилянська академія". - Київ : [б. в.], 2021. - 20 с.