Факультет охорони здоров`я, соціальної роботи і психології

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    Acute Stress Disorder among 2022 Ukrainian war refugees: a cross-sectional study
    (2024) Kordel, Piotr; Rządeczka, Marcin; Studenna-Skrukwa, Marta; Kwiatkowska-Moskalewicz, Katarzyna; Goncharenko, Olga; Moskalewicz, Marcin
    Introduction: Fleeing from war can be terrifying and result in Acute Stress Disorder (ASD), a mental health condition that can occur in the first month after a traumatic event. The study aimed to identify the prevalence of ASD among Ukrainian refugees and identify its risk factors to create a profile of the most vulnerable refugees. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 637 Ukrainian war-displaced persons and refugees in 2022 used the Acute Stress Disorder Scale. Results: The prevalence of ASD among participants was high (93.5%). Several factors increasing the risk of developing ASD in the sample were identified, e.g., witnessing Russian attacks (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.26–6.78), insufficient financial resources (OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.61–7.91), and feeling of loneliness in the host country (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.58–8.69). Pre-existing depression and the death of a close person, among others, were found to significantly (p < 0.05) exacerbate the ASD symptoms. At the same time, neither age, the distance traveled, time spent on fleeing the country, nor the type of companionship during refuge (escaping alone, with children, pets or the older adults) correlate with the severity of symptoms. Conclusion: The study shows extreme levels of trauma among Ukrainian war refugees and displaced persons. Knowledge regarding ASD vulnerabilities in the present conflict may facilitate prompt and adequate psychological help. Since ASD can be an antecedent of PTSD and several autoimmune disorders, these results may also serve as a predictor of future challenges for Ukrainian society.
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    Cause-and-Effect (Fishbone) Diagram: A Tool for Generating and Organizing Quality Improvement Ideas
    (2024) Kumah, Augustine; Nwogu, Chinwe; Issah, Abdul-Razak; Obot, Emmanuel; Kanamitie, Deborah; Sifa, Jerry; Aidoo, Lawrencia
    Improvement requires changes to be made. Indeed, one of the questions in the Model for Improvement asks "What change can we make that will result in improvement?" Ideas for change are not automatically generated by these tools, but they help analyze problems in detail, and in doing so, potential solutions may be easier to identify. In the healthcare field, a causeand- effect diagram (fishbone diagram) is a tool that assists in analyzing the root cause of a quality-related problem, such as poor performance or safety incidents. This tool allows the team to focus on the root cause of a given problem instead of the symptoms. When there is more than one root cause, the team may need to address each one with a separate fishbone diagram process.