Описова і аналітична психологія Вільгельма Дильтая як теоретичне джерело феноменологічної психології Едмунда Гусерля
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Date
2021
Authors
Кебуладзе, Вахтанґ
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Abstract
Стаття містить критичну реконструкцію дескриптивної і аналітичної психології Вільгельма Дильтая та її впливу на феноменологічну психологію Едмунда Гусерля. За Дильтаєм, можливість описової і аналітичної психології зумовлена безпосередньою даністю психічного як органічного зв’язку, що завжди має певну цінність. З одного боку, феноменологічна психологія Едмунда Гусерля спирається на описову й аналітичну психологію Вільгельма Дильтая, а з іншого — Гусерль критикує деякі засадові моменти Дильтаєвої концепції.
The article contains the critical reconstruction of descriptive and analytical psychology of Wilhelm Dilthey and its influence on the phenomenological psychology of Edmund Husserl. Dilthey describes three fundamental features of intrinsic psychic life, which make it different from external physical world: 1. Immediacy — psychic life is directly perceived as intrinsic process; phy sical world is indirectly perceived as external reality. 2. Connection — psychic life is organic connection of interrelated experiences, physical world is conglomeration of the separate facts. 3. Value — psychic experiences use to have the value to us, physical facts can be irrelevant to us. According to Dilthey descriptive and analytic psychology is possible since the psychic life is directly given as organic connection of experiences, which have a special value. The main method of psychology should be description of the psychic experience. Dilthey sketches out three main direction of this description: 1. Description of the main types of the psychic processes. 2. Description of the main connections of the human experiences. 3. De scrip tion of the special parts of the human experiences. On one hand, the phenomenological psychology of Edmund Husserl is grounded on the descriptive and analytic psychology of Wilhelm Dilthey. On another hand, Husserl criticizessome crucial points of Dilthey’s conception. First of all the founder of phenomenology and phe no menological psychology points out the connection of the notions "understanding" and "induction" in the psychological conception of Wilhelm Dilthey. On the contrary, according to Husserl the method of understanding should be based on the concept of intuition, which plays an important role in his phenomenological project.
The article contains the critical reconstruction of descriptive and analytical psychology of Wilhelm Dilthey and its influence on the phenomenological psychology of Edmund Husserl. Dilthey describes three fundamental features of intrinsic psychic life, which make it different from external physical world: 1. Immediacy — psychic life is directly perceived as intrinsic process; phy sical world is indirectly perceived as external reality. 2. Connection — psychic life is organic connection of interrelated experiences, physical world is conglomeration of the separate facts. 3. Value — psychic experiences use to have the value to us, physical facts can be irrelevant to us. According to Dilthey descriptive and analytic psychology is possible since the psychic life is directly given as organic connection of experiences, which have a special value. The main method of psychology should be description of the psychic experience. Dilthey sketches out three main direction of this description: 1. Description of the main types of the psychic processes. 2. Description of the main connections of the human experiences. 3. De scrip tion of the special parts of the human experiences. On one hand, the phenomenological psychology of Edmund Husserl is grounded on the descriptive and analytic psychology of Wilhelm Dilthey. On another hand, Husserl criticizessome crucial points of Dilthey’s conception. First of all the founder of phenomenology and phe no menological psychology points out the connection of the notions "understanding" and "induction" in the psychological conception of Wilhelm Dilthey. On the contrary, according to Husserl the method of understanding should be based on the concept of intuition, which plays an important role in his phenomenological project.
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аналітична психологія, Гусерль, Дильтай, опис, описова психологія, переживання, пояснення, розуміння, феноменологічна психологія, феноменологія, стаття, analytical psychology, description, descriptive psychology, Dilthey, experience, explanation, Husserl, phenomenological psychology, phenomenology, understanding
Citation
Кебуладзе В. І. Описова і аналітична психологія Вільгельма Дильтая як теоретичне джерело феноменологічної психології Едмунда Гусерля / Вахтанг Кебуладзе // Філософська думка. - 2021. - № 3. - С. 131-141. - https://doi.org/10.15407/fd2021.02.131