Аналіз динаміки грошових переказів мігрантів в Україну
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Date
2019
Authors
Новік, Аліна
Journal Title
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Abstract
У статті розглядаються позитивні та негативні сторони міграції, відносна важливість
грошових переказів працівників як джерела фінансування розвитку України, та
обговорюються заходи, які можна вжити для збільшення грошових переказів. На основі
статистичних даних проведено аналіз динаміки грошових надходжень мігрантів, внаслідок
якого було виявлено, що негативні наслідки посиленої еміграції населення України протягом
останніх років нівелюються у порівнянні зі збільшенням грошових переказів емігрантів у
короткостроковій перспективі, а також визначено, що їхнє потенційне використання
сприятиме економічному зростанню в довгостроковій перспективі за рахунок залучення
грошових переказів як інвестицій. На основі проведеного аналізу було визначено, що грошові
перекази мігрантів є більш стабільним джерелом фінансових надходжень, ніж прямі
іноземні інвестиції, проте мають негативну тенденцію щодо оцінки, тому потребують
більш детальної уваги з боку керівних органів держави. У роботі також було надано
рекомендації щодо проведення політики регулювання грошових переказів українських
емігрантів та шляхи стимулювання населення щодо проведення транзакцій через офіційні
канали.
The article discusses the pros and cons of migration, the relative importance of employee remittances as a source of financing for Ukraine's development, and measures that can be taken to increase remittances. The negative impact of emigration is very topical for Ukrainian society because of the threat of ‘brain-drain’ which is a particular concern due to the decline in the working population and the loss of production capacity due to the outflow of skilled workers. The trend related to increasing emigration has recently spread to the 18-20 year old population, due to the promotion of study quotas at prestigious foreign universities, which stimulates their desire to stay in the recipient country after graduation. The purpose of the article was to identify the existing problems in the calculation of migrants' cash flows, to outline the prospects for developing economic growth opportunities in Ukraine by removing the shadow remittances of migrants, and to outline the prospects for improving investment decisions. Based on statistical data, an analysis of the dynamics of migrants' cash flows has been made, which revealed that the negative effects of increased emigration of the Ukrainian population over the past years have been offset by an increase in remittances of emigrants in the short term, and determined their potential for economic growth in the long run by attracting money transfers as an investment. Based on the analysis, it was determined that migrants' remittances are a more stable source of financial income than foreign direct investments, but have a negative tendency for valuation, and therefore need more attention from the governing bodies of the state. According to the analysis conducted in the article it is worth to say that promoting international labor mobility can be more valuable and important mean for providing the economic growth and stability by increasing the amount of remittances to developing countries than trying to keep population within the country. Higher levels of international migration can greatly benefit the world economy. The paper also provided recommendations on the policy of regulating remittances of Ukrainian expatriates and ways to encourage the public to conduct transactions through official channels based on the experience of the other countries.
The article discusses the pros and cons of migration, the relative importance of employee remittances as a source of financing for Ukraine's development, and measures that can be taken to increase remittances. The negative impact of emigration is very topical for Ukrainian society because of the threat of ‘brain-drain’ which is a particular concern due to the decline in the working population and the loss of production capacity due to the outflow of skilled workers. The trend related to increasing emigration has recently spread to the 18-20 year old population, due to the promotion of study quotas at prestigious foreign universities, which stimulates their desire to stay in the recipient country after graduation. The purpose of the article was to identify the existing problems in the calculation of migrants' cash flows, to outline the prospects for developing economic growth opportunities in Ukraine by removing the shadow remittances of migrants, and to outline the prospects for improving investment decisions. Based on statistical data, an analysis of the dynamics of migrants' cash flows has been made, which revealed that the negative effects of increased emigration of the Ukrainian population over the past years have been offset by an increase in remittances of emigrants in the short term, and determined their potential for economic growth in the long run by attracting money transfers as an investment. Based on the analysis, it was determined that migrants' remittances are a more stable source of financial income than foreign direct investments, but have a negative tendency for valuation, and therefore need more attention from the governing bodies of the state. According to the analysis conducted in the article it is worth to say that promoting international labor mobility can be more valuable and important mean for providing the economic growth and stability by increasing the amount of remittances to developing countries than trying to keep population within the country. Higher levels of international migration can greatly benefit the world economy. The paper also provided recommendations on the policy of regulating remittances of Ukrainian expatriates and ways to encourage the public to conduct transactions through official channels based on the experience of the other countries.
Description
Keywords
еміграція, грошові трансферти, ВВП, грошові перекази мігрантів, НБУ, прямі іноземні інвестиції, ПІІ, стаття, emigration, money transfers, GDP, remittances, NBU, foreign direct investments, FDI
Citation
Новік А. Ю. Аналіз динаміки грошових переказів мігрантів в Україну [електронний ресурс] / А. Ю. Новік // Ефективна економіка. - 2019. - № 11. - [6 с.].