Кореляція предмета цивільного права та предмета цивільно-правової політики

Abstract

У статті аналізується актуальна проблема предмета цивільно-правового регулювання, його сучасне розуміння. З ’ясування сучасного розуміння предмета цивільного права дозволяє виявити особливості предмета цивільно-правової політики та його кореляцію з предметом цивільного права. Встановлено, що предмет цивільно-правової політики відрізняється від предмета цивільного права і має більш складну структуру. До предмета цивільно-правової політики, окрім відносин, що становлять предмет цивільного права, належать також публічні відносини, які є характерними для будь-якого виду правової політики. Це пояснюється власне природою правової політики взагалі та цивільно-правової політики зокрема.

Paper analyzes the actual problem of the subject of civil-law regulation, its modern understanding. The scientific position of modern civilists regarding the need to include organizational and corporate relations into the subject of civil law has been supported. It is argued that the subject of civil law is actually broader than that provided for in the Central Committee of Ukraine, therefore Art. 1 of the Central Committee of Ukraine needs to be supplemented, in particular with regard to corporate and organizational relations. It is emphasized that not all of these relations should form a subject of civil law, but only those with a private law nature. Civil corporate relations should be accumulated in the Central Committee of Ukraine and remove all the rules of a private nature in this part of the Civil Code of Ukraine. The same should be done with civilian organizational relations. It is necessary to distinguish them, for example, from organizational relations in administrative or labor law. This distinction can be made, in particular, through the legal regulation method. The author does not agree with the idea of an open and constantly updated list of civil relations in the Civil Code of Ukraine in the doctrine of civil law. It is argued that this position is rather controversial. The blurriness of the boundaries of legal regulation of the relevant field of law may in practice lead to numerous violations of the rights of the relevant subjects, abuse of rights by a stronger party, in particular public entities, competition of norms of normative acts of equal legal force, etc. Clarification of the modern understanding of the subject of civil law allows us to identify the features of the subject of civil law and its correlation with the subject of civil law. It is established that the subject of civil law differs from the subject of civil law and has a more complex structure. In the subject of civil law, apart from the relations that constitute the subject of civil law, also public relations that are characteristic of any type of legal policy. It is emphasized that the subject of civil law is the relevant social relations - property and personal non-property, organizational and corporate relations regulated by the discretionary method. The subject of civil law policy is wider. In view of the presence of the public activity of its individual subjects (on the basis mainly of the imperative method of legal regulation), in addition to the above relations, it also includes public relations; The latter are characteristic for any type of legal policy. This is explained by the very nature of legal policy in general and civil law in particular. After all, without the existence of political will, the realization of any kind of legal policy is impossible. Although this does not exclude it (politics) of actual existence, in particular in the doctrinal form. It is revealed that the subject of civil law should be understood as a collection of all elements th at characterize this type of legal policy, determine its essence, social preconditions, methods and means of realization. They cover, in particular: the relations of civil law regulation, the content of civil law policy, its purpose and objectives, principles, functions, forms, directions, levels, entities of creation and implementation (implementation), the scope of such policies.