У статті йдеться про конфлікти в сфері інтерпретації минулого, про
актуалізацію понять "війни пам’яті", "політичні ігри з пам’яттю", "війни
пам’ятників", політика "обрубаної пам’яті", "пам’ять як простір для
маневру". На прикладі колишніх радянських республік Середньої Азії
проаналізовано політику пам’яті щодо подій 1917 р., Другої світової війни
та декомунізації. Наголошено, що у більшості середньоазійських країн
відсутнє цілісне сприйняття історії. До сьогодні існують різноманітні
політизовані концепції в історії, які суперечать одна одній.
The article deals with the conflicts in the interpretation of the past, and with actualization of "memory warfare", "political memory games", "monument wars",
"cluttered memory" policy concepts. The memory policy of events of the 1917,
the Second World War and de-communication is analyzed by the example of the
former Soviet republics of the Central Asia. It is noted that there is no perception
of history in most of the Central Asian countries. To date, there are various politicized concepts in history that contradict with each other.
A coherent vision of the past is a precondition for development of a common position in the future. Political changes in the modern world are accompanied by no
less than scale changes in collective memory. Historical policies include not only
the politicization of history, but also the "burden" of individual topics of a political
relevance. Historical memory acts simultaneously as a form of collective memory
and as an object and subject of historical politics.
There is a critical rethinking of the Soviet past and an attempt to create a "national" narrative and a certain model of collective memory in the former republics
of the Central Asia. There is a deep study of national movements, revolutionary
events, civil wars based on new sources and methodologies, without ideological
roots. The Soviet past has ceased to be an exceptional symbolic resource, which
could be based on implementation of the domestic policy of states. There is a
search for a consensus vision of the past, eroding the contradictions of historical
memory, refusing abuse of history; for adjusting historical memory, for isolating
alternative versions of memory. At the same time, there are "memories of war",
disputes around memory which affect the politics and the development of states.
