Частково фразеологізовані речення з відношеннями зумовленості

Abstract

У статті досліджено частково фразеологізовані речення з семантикою зумовленості, описано засоби зв'язку між їхніми частинами. Схарактеризовано семантико-структурні різновиди двох підтипів частково фразеологізованих речень із відношеннями зумовленості. Простежено специфіку вираження дії в пре- і постпозитивних частинах цих речень, описано специфіку додаткової семантики, що нашаровується на основне значення.

Questions of the semantic typology of partially phraseologized sentences have been left out of the attention of researchers. Purpose. Analysis of the semantic type of partially phraseologized sentence with the relation of conditionality, determination of communication between their parts and clarification of the specifics of additional semantics. Methods. Observation, generalization, descriptive, transformational and modeling methods. Results. Depending on the filling of the kernel of the phrase-complex, fractional phraseologized sentences with conditional relations form two varieties: 1) with kernel варто.., як; and 2) with kernel досить (достатньо).., як (що, щоб, і (й)). 1. The first environment is represented by a substantive word with the value of the subject in the form of a dowry case and the infinitive of the finished species. The second environment is expressed by a number of tokens, namely: the person-time form of the verb, the infinitive, the connecting verb and the predicative adverb. On the basic relations of conditionality, some semantics is added, the specifics of which determines the lexical filling of the second part. There are three types of additional semantics: semantics of surprise, semantics of the result, and semantics of conditional-consequential-target. 2. Partially phraseologized sentences with the kernel досить (достатньо).., як (що, щоб, і (й)). Such phraseologized sentences have two environments: the prepositive part of the three- component - the verb to be in the form of the past, a substantive word for the definition of the subject of action in the form of a dowry case or a quantitative-noun compound, pronoun, verb, adjective or adverbial token, and the infinitive of the finished species. The post-positive part is varied as follows: a) a one-component element expressed in the verb in the face-time form; and b) a two-component structure - a verb in a personal form, an infinitive or an in-person verb and adverb. Partially phraseologized sentences with the kernel досить (достатньо).., як (що, щоб, і (й)) form two semantic-structural varieties: 1) in the first variety, the value of the prepositional part in general affects the implementation of the action, called in the post-positive part; 2) in the second variety, in the prepositional part, an action, a sign or a quality is expressed, the sufficiency of which determines the consequence in the post-positive part. Consequently, the semantic type of partially phraseologized sentences with the relationship of conditionality has formed two subtypes: the kernel is варто.., як and the kernel досить (достатньо).., як (що, щоб, і (й)). Clearly fixed position of the constant and variable components, as well as their grammatical forms influence the formation of additional semantics.