Постмодерні теорії та ідеологія
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Date
2017
Authors
Лютий, Тарас
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Abstract
У статті стверджується, що більшість постмодерних мислителів демонструють відхід від класичної теорії ідеології, головні поняття якої замінені проблемами знання, мови і влади. Видовище відтепер є основним видом виробництва та споживання, коли навіть життя стає ідеологічним. Ідеологія нагадує згоду на спотворення реальності, створюючи враження стабільності суспільства. Постмодерні теорії цілковито підважують ідеологію, розглядаючи її як тотальну, есенціалістську, методологічно й теоретично застарілу концепцію.
This article argues that most postmodern thinkers digress from the classical theories of ideology. The postmodern way of thinking starts marking the "grand-narratives" as new forms of ideologies. In times of crisis of Marxist and post-Marxist theories, most typical concepts of ideology, such as hegemony, are being replaced by the more appropriate problems of knowledge, language, and power. Key representatives of the postmodern thought are presenting a different interpretation of the world. Nevertheless, not every theory or narrative is quite rational or transparent. Most of them resemble spectacles. The spectacle is the main type ofproduction of illusions in the postmodern world. The most significant characteristic of the post-industrial and information society is consumption of delusion. Contemporary social space is generating not only economic and political power but is also producing new signs of dominant culture. New forms of "symbolic violence" or "symbolic domination" are getting the unconscious support on the "grass roots level". Now even everyday life becomes ideologized. Ideology is no longer a determination of our way of thinking. Neither is it a misunderstanding of reality any longer. Ideology is our permission for distortion of reality. It produces an impression of stability of society. The postmodern theory rejects the notion that ideology will help us to understand the modern world. As a result, the postmodern theories consider ideology as a complete, essentialist, methodologically and theoretically obsolete concept.
This article argues that most postmodern thinkers digress from the classical theories of ideology. The postmodern way of thinking starts marking the "grand-narratives" as new forms of ideologies. In times of crisis of Marxist and post-Marxist theories, most typical concepts of ideology, such as hegemony, are being replaced by the more appropriate problems of knowledge, language, and power. Key representatives of the postmodern thought are presenting a different interpretation of the world. Nevertheless, not every theory or narrative is quite rational or transparent. Most of them resemble spectacles. The spectacle is the main type ofproduction of illusions in the postmodern world. The most significant characteristic of the post-industrial and information society is consumption of delusion. Contemporary social space is generating not only economic and political power but is also producing new signs of dominant culture. New forms of "symbolic violence" or "symbolic domination" are getting the unconscious support on the "grass roots level". Now even everyday life becomes ideologized. Ideology is no longer a determination of our way of thinking. Neither is it a misunderstanding of reality any longer. Ideology is our permission for distortion of reality. It produces an impression of stability of society. The postmodern theory rejects the notion that ideology will help us to understand the modern world. As a result, the postmodern theories consider ideology as a complete, essentialist, methodologically and theoretically obsolete concept.
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Keywords
ідеологія, постмодерн, метанаратив, метанаратив, суспільство видовищ, символічна влада, ideology, postmodern, meta-narrative, society of the spectacle, symbolic power
Citation
Лютий Тарас Володимирович. Постмодерні теорії та ідеологія / Лютий Т. В. // Наукові записки НаУКМА. Філософія та релігієзнавство. - 2017. - Т. 192. - С. 3-8.