Семків, РостиславРоманцова, Богдана2018-11-202018-11-202018Романцова Б. М. Час у європейському модерністському романі першої третини ХХ ст. : автореферат дисертації на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата філологічних наук / Ролманцова Б. М. ; наук. кер. Семків Р. А. ; НАН України, Ін-т літератури ім. Т. Г. Шевченка. - Київ : [б. в.], 2018. - 20 с.https://ekmair.ukma.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14748Автореферат дисертації на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата філологічних наук за спеціальністю 10.01.06 – теорія літератури. – Інститут літератури ім. Т. Г. Шевченка НАН України. – Київ, 2018. Дисертація присвячена дослідженню часу в європейському модерністському романі, окреслено підходи до дослідження часу як однієї з основоположних категорій модерністської поетики. Порівняно час в ранніх і зрілих творах досліджуваних авторів, простежено процес зміни категорії часу в їхніх текстах, осмислено, як змінювалося розуміння часу в літературі першої третини ХХ століття. Виділено основні типи часу, характерні для модерністських текстів цього періоду, показано процес переходу від категорії реалістичного лінійного часу до модерністської гетерогенної темпоральності.Thesis abstract for the degree of candidate of Philological Sciences with a specialization 10.01.06 – Literary theory. – Taras Shevchenko Institute of Literature, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2018. The thesis research is the first attempt in Ukrainian literature studies to systemically examine time in the European modernist novel. The author describes terminological field of the time concept, specifies criteria for defining basic types of time in modernism. There is a separate analysis of the process of time comprehension in the humanitarian thought of the 19th –20th centuries, as well as presentation of the general cultural transformation of the category of time in the modernism epoch and its representation in literary texts of the first third of the 20th century. It is proven that time is a part of the fictional world depicted in a literary work and at the same time a category of poetics, which influences the structure of the work and presents itself at different levels: the level of the author’s position, the level of characters’ subjective time and as a general time concept of the epoch. Main attention in the thesis work is paid to the textual analysis of works by Virginia Woolf, James Joyce, Franz Kafka, Marcel Proust, as well to defining the methods of time representation in their texts. Along with the change in poetics of the works from late realistic to modernist, the dominant category of time also changes – from linear chronological to mixed, cyclic time and finally to Bergsonian duration. Analysing the texts of Virginia Woolf, James Joyce, Franz Kafka, Marcel Proust through the prism of the time category allowed us to refute the popular opinion that the works of these authors are totally modernist and to show the evolution of their styles. The thesis shows that all these authors began with realistic narration which has been gradually influenced by the principles of modernist poetics and then came to a modernist text, the heart of which is the new concept of time. Textual analysis has shown that in the works of the so-to-say “transitionary period” the authors started experimenting with the time category, interleaving different subtypes of the temporal inside a single novel. While in realism, time has been an invisible background of the narration, an auxiliary mechanism which pushed the plot forward and helped explain the character development, in modernism authors use time deliberately and give it substantial attention. Nevertheless, in the works of the transitionary period the linear concept of time is still dominating, so the plot is subject to a traditional development scheme; as a rule, novels have a closed ending. While the problem of relation between linear time and inner subjective time of the characters is outlined, it is not deeply elaborated on and there is no new concept of time proposed which won’t be based on positivist rationality. The most important conclusion of our work is the statement that the category of time has substantially changed in modernist poetics and acquired a heterogeneityity which was not typical for it before. Emphasis on the importance of the character’s individual perception of the world and defying the all-knowing narrator concept, have led to the fact that authors started using a complicated, individually comprehended temporality instead of linear time. An in-depth analysis of texts by Virginia Woolf, James Joyce, Franz Kafka, Marcel Proust allowed us to outline the main types of time in the modernist novel: linear, cyclic, extratemporaneousness and duration. In each of the analyzed novels, authors consciously unite several or even all of these types of time. For those works where the dominant type of time is duration, which, as proved in this work, is one of the most important types of time in modernism, characteristic features are a fragmentary plot with a prevalence of small events depicted from an unexpected angle, intense inner life of the characters, denial of cause-and-effect relationship, intense memory work. It is defined that such a type of time is typical first of all for the epopee “In Search of Lost Time” by Marcel Proust and the novel “Mrs Dalloway” by Virginia Woolf. The work proves that cyclic time and especially duration are connected with the concepts of memory, experience, identity, which also actualizes this research. The main aesthetic constants related to the category of time in the texts of the authors analyzed are also outlined. Scientific novelty of this thesis work is that it is the first work to not only make time in the European modernist novel of the first third of the 20th century subject to a complex analysis, but also to analyze the process of changing the time category in the works of the aforementioned authors. Finally, the main types of time characteristic for the modernist texts of the given period are outlined, together with showing the transition process from the category of realistic linear time to modernist heterogeneous temporality. Practical significance of this research is that the work describes an important aspect of modernist texts analysis, outlining approaches to exploration of time as one of the fundamental categories of modernist poetics. A comparison of time in early and late works of the given authors allows to trace the genesis of their texts’ poetics and to consider how the perception of time has changed in literature of the first third of the 20th century. The results of the theoretical and practical analysis given in the thesis may be used by scholars researching European literary modernism in general as well as specific writers of this period.ukчасмодернізмВірджинія ВулфДжеймс ДжойсФранц КафкаМарсель Прустциклічний частриванняtimemodernismVirginia WoolfJames JoyceFranz KafkaMarcel Proustdurationавтореферат дисертаціїThesis abstract