Короткий опис(реферат):
У статті розглянуто питання правової природи поняття публічної особи. На основі судової
практики Верховного суду Сполучених Штатів Америки визначено коло осіб, які належать до
публічних. Зосереджено увагу на відокремленні понять «загальна публічна особа», «відносно публічна
особа» та «особи, визнані публічними поза власною волею». Здійснено аналіз судової практики та
законодавства України з цього питання.
Суть розробки, основні результати:
This article focuses on the issue of the legal nature of the public figure concept. For the first time the
concept of “public figure” was developed in the court practice of the United States. According to the practice
of the Supreme Court of the United States of America, “public figure” is a person who is well known and
has the impact on the public, deliberately or beyond his or her own will occupies a central role in solving
public affairs. However, a common definition of the term does not give us the opportunity to define those
categories of persons who belong to the circle of public.
Based on the practice of the Supreme Court of the United States of America, there are appropriate types
of persons who belong to the public. They are the following: “general public figure,” “relatively public
figure,” and “persons recognized as public figures beyond their own will.”
In this regard, the practice of Ukrainian courts and Ukrainian legislation is also analyzed. Such term as
“public figure” is missing in Ukrainian legislation. Therefore, Ukrainian courts do not provide the relevant
benefits to this term in its decision that leads to confusion and thereafter to the inconsistency of judicial
practice. Instead, a legislator uses terms such as “official,” “public official,” “state figure,” “public
person.”
The definition of the public figure should be enshrined in Ukrainian legislation as it is defined in the
regulatory legal acts of some other countries. Ukrainian courts should take into account international
practice and use those criteria that are used in determining the types of persons who belong to the public
by international courts.
