Короткий опис(реферат):
Досліджено кінетику адсорбції парів води композитними сорбентами "силікагель/натрій сульфат"
і "силікагель/натрій ацетат", а також сорбційні властивості цих матеріалів. Показано вплив
матеріалу на конструктивні параметри адсорбційного холодильника та холодильний коефіцієнт.
Суть розробки, основні результати:
This study considers water vapors adsorption kinetics with composite sorbents of ‘silica gel / sodium
sulphate and ‘silica gel / sodium acetate’ and operating properties of solar adsorptive chillers on their
basis. Adsorptive properties of these materials are investigated. Sorption capacities of composites ‘silica
gel / sodium sulphate’ and ‘silica gel / sodium acetate’ are determined to be 0.85 g/g and 0.42 g/g,
respectively, being in excess of mechanical mixtures of silica gel and massive salts no less than third. Key
features of sorption kinetics of water vapors with massive salts and composite sorbents are revealed. Kinetic
regime of hydration of massive salts is confirmed. Rate-determinant factor for water vapors adsorption with
composites ‘silica gel / sodium sulphate’ and ‘silica gel/sodium acetate’ is water diffusion in pore systems
of adsorbents. The structures of composite sorbents are shown to facilitate the reactions of salts and water
vapors in the developed pore system of silicon-oxygen matrix. The influence of materials on the design
factors and the coefficient of energy performance of adsorptive chillers is shown. Despite the fact that the
composite masses ratio of ‘silica gel / Na2SO4’ to ‘silica gel / CH3COONa’ is close to 2, effectiveness of
cycles is virtually the same. Solar collector surfaces are estimated to be approximately the same depending
on the chilling box volume as both composites used. Coefficients of energy performance of the cycle of solar
adsorptive chillers when composites ‘silica gel / Na2SO4’ and ‘silica gel / CH3COONa’were used are stated
to be 1.084 and 1.021. Solar energy considered, net coefficients of energy performance of solar adsorptive
chiller based on composite ‘silica gel / Na2SO4’ ranged from 0.130 to 0.176 from April through September.
When composite ‘silica gel – sodium acetate’ was used, during the same period coefficient of energy
performance of adsorptive chiller varies from 0.189 to 0.257. Revealed regularities are explained to be
caused by the difference in regeneration temperature of both composites, being 90 ºC for composite ‘silica
gel / sodium sulphate’ and 60 ºC for ‘silica gel / sodium acetate’.
