Діти-білінгви: світовий досвід і українські реалії
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Date
2019
Authors
Шевчук-Клюжева, Ольга
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Abstract
У статті подано лінгвістичну характеристику явища білінгвізму. Розглянуто психолінгвістичні перспективи індивідуальної неодномовності у ранньому дитячому віці. Проаналізовано особливості класифікації дитячого білінгвізму в контексті світових практик. Окреслено специфіку формування українсько-російської дитячої двомовності крізь призму зміни пріоритетності первинного та вторинного щодо дитини соціумів.
Приділено увагу поняттю «білінгвальна мовна особистість» та висвітлено деякі аспекти світосприйняття дітьми-білінгвами.
The paper outlines language situation in our country in the context of occurrence of various forms of child’s Ukrainian-Russian bilingualism and provides linguistic description of the phenomenon of bilingualism. It is examined the psycholinguistic perspectives of individual non-monolingualism in early childhood. The authors analyses the features of the classification of child bilingualism in the context of world practice and present typical models of language behavior of Ukrainian older pupils. It is drawn attention to spreading of a specific type of bilingualism, namely, the dualingualism, which is peculiar to a certain category of bilingual children of pre-school and primary school age in a situation of informal communication, when each participant of communicative act retains his dominant language. At the same time, the communicative goal of such act is being achieved. The paper defines the specifics of the formation of Ukrainian-Russian child’s bilingualism in the light of changing the priority of the primary and secondary societies for a child. It is specified the necessity of reviewing the strategy of language behavior of a certain category of children due to spontaneous acquirement of the contact (Russian) language. This fact has a direct influence on children’s Ukrainian speech. It is paid attention to the notion “bilingual language personality” and covered some aspects of worldview of bilingual children. In terms of language worldbuilding of Ukrainian-Russian bilingual children, the authors draw attention to the fact that comprehensive presence of Ukrainian language is complicated by powerful communicative influence of Russian language. That is why, active Ukrainian-Russian bilingual children rather often do not feel the difference between the related language codes that in practice results in spreading of mixed forms of speech (surzhik). The speech of Ukrainian-Russian bilingual children should be actively studied in order to make adjustments to children’s language behavior exactly at an early age through educational mechanisms, develop recommendations for working-out of language resistance, as well as to form, first of all, coordinated rather than mixed bilingualism.
The paper outlines language situation in our country in the context of occurrence of various forms of child’s Ukrainian-Russian bilingualism and provides linguistic description of the phenomenon of bilingualism. It is examined the psycholinguistic perspectives of individual non-monolingualism in early childhood. The authors analyses the features of the classification of child bilingualism in the context of world practice and present typical models of language behavior of Ukrainian older pupils. It is drawn attention to spreading of a specific type of bilingualism, namely, the dualingualism, which is peculiar to a certain category of bilingual children of pre-school and primary school age in a situation of informal communication, when each participant of communicative act retains his dominant language. At the same time, the communicative goal of such act is being achieved. The paper defines the specifics of the formation of Ukrainian-Russian child’s bilingualism in the light of changing the priority of the primary and secondary societies for a child. It is specified the necessity of reviewing the strategy of language behavior of a certain category of children due to spontaneous acquirement of the contact (Russian) language. This fact has a direct influence on children’s Ukrainian speech. It is paid attention to the notion “bilingual language personality” and covered some aspects of worldview of bilingual children. In terms of language worldbuilding of Ukrainian-Russian bilingual children, the authors draw attention to the fact that comprehensive presence of Ukrainian language is complicated by powerful communicative influence of Russian language. That is why, active Ukrainian-Russian bilingual children rather often do not feel the difference between the related language codes that in practice results in spreading of mixed forms of speech (surzhik). The speech of Ukrainian-Russian bilingual children should be actively studied in order to make adjustments to children’s language behavior exactly at an early age through educational mechanisms, develop recommendations for working-out of language resistance, as well as to form, first of all, coordinated rather than mixed bilingualism.
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Keywords
мовна ситуація, мовна політика, діти-білінгви, близькоспоріднений білінгвізм, стаття, language situation, language policy, bilingual children, closely related bilingualism
Citation
Шевчук-Клюжева О. В. Діти-білінгви: світовий досвід і українські реалії / Ольга Шевчук-Клюжева // Українська мова. - 2019. - № 2. - С. 125-131.