У науковій статті досліджуються проблеми інституційних новацій права на
публічну службу в умовах сьогодення. Проаналізовано ключові проблеми щодо інституту публічної служби, підкреслено важливість системних та якісних реформ.
Відзначено системний зв'язок права на публічну службу з правом на працю та правом на державну службу. Акцентовано увагу на особливостях реалізації права на
державну службу. Наголошено на сутності та ознаках права на публічну службу.
Відзначено важливість європейського досвіду щодо реформи публічної служби.
Визначено тенденції удосконалення права на публічну службу.
In a scientific article the problems of institutional innovations of the right to public
service in the present conditions are researched. The key problems with the public service
institute have been analyzed, the importance of systemic and qualitative reforms has been
emphasized.
It is noted that the latest concept of reforming the public service is connected with
the efficiency, efficiency and accessibility of citizens' rights to the civil service and service
in local self-government bodies. It is appropriate to emphasize that, in accordance with
the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine (Article 38), citizens have the right to participate in the management of state affairs, in all-Ukrainian and local referendums, to freely
elect and be elected to bodies of state power and local self-government bodies. Also, the
Constitution of Ukraine guarantees that "citizens enjoy equal access to the civil service,
as well as to service in local self-government bodies". In the context of proper organization and implementation of public-law reforms, special attention needs to be paid to reforming and filling with the latest, substantive content of the right to public service.
From a legal point of view, the right to public service is characterized by such essential features: first, this right is directed at the person's access to public service; secondly, this right is systematically linked with such fundamental, constitutional rights as: the
right to work; the right to a civil service; the right to serve in local self-government bodies; Thirdly, this right is a fundamental constructive element of the legal personality of
public servants; fourth, the exercise of this right contributes to the emergence, change and
termination of the relevant labor-legal relationships.
It is emphasized that the right to public service is a fundamental, systematic right of
citizens to hold positions in public-law institutions of power in accordance with the procedure and under the conditions stipulated by the legislation.
The main features of the right to public service are the following: it is a systemic,
constitutional right; stems from the content of the right to work; systematically connected with the right to civil service and service in local self-government bodies; eligible citizens are citizens of Ukraine; provides for the occupation of positions in public-law institutions of power; provides for a special procedure for the implementation, guarantee and
legal protection; causes the emergence, change, termination of employment and labor
relations; envisages the acquisition by a competent person of the legal personality of a
public servant; characterized by a special suspension procedure; subject to state supervision and public control.
It is concluded that the main tendencies of improving the right to public service are
the following: 1) the development and approval of a modern, effective Concept of Public
Administration and Public Service Reform for the period up to 2030 based on national
and international experience; 2) formation and harmonization of labor legislation and
legislation on public service; 3) ensuring the motivation and professionalization of the
public service through the prism of the introduction of an optimal, scientifically sound
system of professional requirements, guarantees, incentives, restrictions and prohibitions
for the respective positions; 4) ensuring the effectiveness, openness and availability of
mechanisms for the implementation, guarantee and legal protection of the right to public service; 5) ensuring the openness and transparency of the prohibitions and restrictions
imposed on public service; 6) increasing the effectiveness and accessibility of rights arising from the content of the right to a public service; 7) increase the efficiency, effectiveness and accessibility of the right to civil service and service in local self-government
bodies; 8) increasing the effectiveness of the existing model of legal personality of public
servants; 9) increasing the effectiveness of public oversight and public oversight of public
service issues; 10) development and adoption of the Code of Public Service, as a result of
the consolidation of efforts of authorized public authorities, law schools and public service
schools, experts, etc.
