(Не)повсякденне життя данського дипломата в Росії (за матеріалами подорожнього щоденника Юста Юля, 1709-1711)
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Date
2018
Authors
Папа, Ірина
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Abstract
У статті проаналізовано матеріали дипломатичної місії данського дипломата Юста Юля
(1709–1711 рр.), а саме подорожній щоденник, який, окрім опису мандрівки теренами Східної Європи,
розповідає про особливості данської дипломатії в часи Великої Північної війни та специфіку міжнародних відносин на початку XVIII ст. Поява низки джерел, які написали дипломати-очевидці та
співучасники знакових подій початку XVIII ст., була наслідком нових тактик у зовнішній політиці
тогочасних правителів та їхніх таємних радників. Європейські дипломати, які перебували в закордонних місіях, дуже часто були в ролі шпигуна та етнографа-мемуариста водночас.
В українських дослідженнях цей текст згадується нечасто, хоча містить цікаві "українські
сюжети", які ще потребують ґрунтовного вивчення та контекстуалізації. Звернення до окремих
сюжетів і тем, які ще не стали предметом наукових студій, є нагодою для застосування підходів
історичної антропології, культурної історії загалом та культурної історії тревелогів зокрема.
У цій статті зосереджено увагу на описі повсякденного життя данського посла як невідокремної
частини дипломатичної місії до Росії: перебування при дворі Петра І та мандрівки теренами
Російської держави, Гетьманщини і Речі Посполитої.
At the beginning of the 18th century, Europe was a theater of war. Most of the European states were engaged in the long and large-scale military conflicts (i.e., the Spanish Heritage War and the Great Northern War). The confrontation of some European rulers and the desire to expand political influence in certain regions has led them to new ways to achieve ambitious goals. In addition to military force, they also referred to the art of diplomacy and the assistance of diplomats, who by their order often collected information about the neighboring states, which were treated both as potential allies and as opponents at the same time. The emergence of some sources written by eyewitness-diplomats and accomplices of the iconic events of the early 18th century was the result of new tactics in the foreign policy of the rulers and their secret advisers. That is why some European diplomats who were in international missions had to be in the role of a spy and an ethnographer-memoirist at the same time. In this article, we would like to focus on the materials of the diplomatic mission of the Danish diplomat Just Juel (1709–1711). Namely, we deal with the travel diary, which, in addition to the description of the journey through Eastern Europe, tells about the features of Danish diplomacy during the Great Northern War and the specifics of the international relations of the early 18th century. Particular attention is paid to Just Juel’s daily life during his stay at the court of Peter the Great and trips around the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth and some Ukrainian territories. Our analysis of the diary casts a new light on the social aspects of the Danish diplomatic mission (1709–1711) and its micro-level. We show how vital was the abundance of food, convenient living conditions, life safety, transportation, leisure time for the early-modern diplomats and their diplomatic activities.
At the beginning of the 18th century, Europe was a theater of war. Most of the European states were engaged in the long and large-scale military conflicts (i.e., the Spanish Heritage War and the Great Northern War). The confrontation of some European rulers and the desire to expand political influence in certain regions has led them to new ways to achieve ambitious goals. In addition to military force, they also referred to the art of diplomacy and the assistance of diplomats, who by their order often collected information about the neighboring states, which were treated both as potential allies and as opponents at the same time. The emergence of some sources written by eyewitness-diplomats and accomplices of the iconic events of the early 18th century was the result of new tactics in the foreign policy of the rulers and their secret advisers. That is why some European diplomats who were in international missions had to be in the role of a spy and an ethnographer-memoirist at the same time. In this article, we would like to focus on the materials of the diplomatic mission of the Danish diplomat Just Juel (1709–1711). Namely, we deal with the travel diary, which, in addition to the description of the journey through Eastern Europe, tells about the features of Danish diplomacy during the Great Northern War and the specifics of the international relations of the early 18th century. Particular attention is paid to Just Juel’s daily life during his stay at the court of Peter the Great and trips around the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth and some Ukrainian territories. Our analysis of the diary casts a new light on the social aspects of the Danish diplomatic mission (1709–1711) and its micro-level. We show how vital was the abundance of food, convenient living conditions, life safety, transportation, leisure time for the early-modern diplomats and their diplomatic activities.
Description
Keywords
Юст Юль, подорожній щоденник, Велика Північна війна, XVIII століття, данська дипломатична місія (1709-1711), повсякденне життя, стаття, Just Juel, Danish diplomatic mission (1709-1711), travel diary, diplomats, the Great Northern War, 18th century, daily life
Citation
Папа І. Ю. (Не)повсякденне життя данського дипломата в Росії (за матеріалами подорожнього щоденника Юста Юля, 1709-1711) / Папа І. Ю. // Наукові записки НаУКМА. Історичні науки. - 2018. - Т. 1. - С. 3-10.