Представлено процес підготовки, хід та реакцію офіційних органів влади на проведення
Городельської маніфестації 1861 року. Підкреслено значення цієї акції для консолідації прихильників
польського національного руху у Волинській, Київській та Подільській губерніях напередодні
Січневого повстання 1863 року. Розкрито процес формулювання завдань польського національного
руху в період проведення патріотичних маніфестацій 1861 року.
The article presents a preparation process, progress, and reaction of the official authorities on the
Horodlo manifestation of 1861. This manifestation was just one of a series of actions organized by supporters
of the Reds in August and September of 1861. It determined the place and role of the Horodlo manifestation,
along with other actions of that period: Dubienka, Kovno, and Vilno manifestations. It is suggested that
these actions led to an aggravated confrontation of the Poles with the government that was ready to make
concessions to the Polish national movement in the Kingdom of Poland in the summer of 1861. Specifically,
the author analyzes the appeal “Do Braci Polaków, Rusinów i Litwinów” written by Apollo Korzeniowski
in the context of the situation in the three provinces of the South-West Krai where the action took place,
namely the proclamation of the martial law provisions in Zhytomyr and strengthening the governmental
supervision over its execution. Basing on the original documents, the author demonstrates how the event
was described and evaluated in the reports of the gendarmerie and police officials. Specific emphasis is put
on describing the events that took place in the town Ustilug of the Volyn province. The article also explores
the response of the administration to this manifestation in the Volyn, Kyiv and Podillia provinces. Finally,
the author outlines the importance of the action (the Horodlo manifestation) in the consolidation of the
Polish national movement supporters on the eve of the January uprising of 1863 in the three aforementioned
provinces. Consequently, the article briefly addresses the tasks of the Polish national movement during the
patriotic-demonstrations period of 1861, including the attitudes to the so-called “peasant question”. The
article also displays the range of penalties claimed from the protesters up to administrative expulsion from
the provinces of South-West Krai for the most active participants.
