Від каменя до ефіру: образ душі у "Тератургимі" Афанасія Кальнофойського

Abstract

У статті висвітлено релігійно-філософське значення образного втілення душі у "Тератургимі" Афанасія Кальнофойського. З’ясовано, що людська душа у цій збірці богородичних оповідань про чуда представлена двома основними топосами – душі-храму і душі-поля. Перший розгортається за допомогою образів дому і вогню, другий – саду і цвіту. Особливу увагу приділено спільному для обох топосів мотиву прибирання душі, що асоціюється з паланням і цвітінням.

This article is an attempt to investigate the religious-philosophical meaning of the figurative expression of the human soul in the collected narratives "Teraturgema" written by Afanasii Kalnofoiskyi. The book was created and published under the order of Petro Mohyla in Kyivan Cave Monastery in 1638 and was dedicated to the miracles of Pecherska Mother of God and miraculous events connected with the incorruptible relics of the local saints. The current research is accomplished in accordance with John of Damascus’ theory of image represented in the introductory part of Kalnofojskyi’s book, Dionysius the Areopagite’s mystic and symbolic theology, and Paul the Apostle’s teaching about the fluid and solid food of truth. In the process of analysis, the author of the article detected that the human soul in "Teraturgema" is expressed in two main topoi: the soultemple and the soul-field. The first one expands in images of the house and fire, the second one – in images of the garden and blossom. The most significant and common for these two topoi is the motif of cleaning the soul that is associated with burning, softening, flowering and fragrance right up to the total dissolution in the divine love. Close attention in the article is paid to the cognitive and didactic aspects of the collected narratives by Afanasiy Kalnofoiskyi in which all sensual images, according to the doctrines mentioned above, are meaningful only as the signs and imprints of invisible substances.